Endnotes for Chapter XXI

1 Rpt of Arty with the VIII Corps in the Re­duction of Brest. 22 Aug-19 Sep 44

2 349th FA Gp AAR, Feb 45.

3 AAR's 969th FA Bn, Jul-Dec 44.

4 AAR 333d FA Gp, Dec 44.

5 Ibid., Nov-Dec 44;  AAR, 578th FA Bn, Dec 44. See also AAR, 965th FA Bn, Dec 44.

6 AAR 578th FA Bn, Dec 44.

7 AAR 333d FA Bn, Dec 44. For a detailed account of the German attack, see Hugh M. Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II (Washington,1965) .

8 AAR 578th FA Bn, Dec 44; Ltr, Hq Third Army to CG USFET, 22 Aug 45, AG 291.2.

9 AAR 578th FA Bn, Dec 44.

10 AAR 578th FA Bn, Dec 44.

11 The 771st's attachment to the 333d Group caused some confusion in both its racial identity and its armament in some early published accounts, where it was at times confused with the 969th Battalion, called a Negro unit, and designated a howitzer rather than a 4.5-inch gun unit. See S. L. A. Marshall, Bastogne: The First Eight Days (Washington: The Infantry Journal Press, 1946) , pp. 70, 206, n. 19.

12 AAR's 333d FA Gp, 771st and 333d FA Bns, Dec 44.

13 Ibid.; Per Rpt and Jnl,101st Div Arty, Dec 44.

14 AAR 771st FA Bn, Dec 44; AAR and Jnl 333d FA Gp, Dec 44.

15 Jnl 333d FA Gp, Dec 44

16 Unit Hist 590th Ambulance Co, 4 Mar 43-31 Dec 44

17 AAR 333d FA Bn, Dec 44.

18 A number received awards, generally Bronze Stars, for these actions. AAR 333d FA Gp, May 45.

19 AAR VIII Corps Arty, Dec 44.

20 AAR's 333d FA Bn, Jan-Jun 45; AAR 393d FA Gp, Jan 45; AAR VIII Corps Arty, Jan 45

21 Ltr, Hq 101st A/B Div to CO 969th FA Bn through CG VIII Corps, 3 Jan 45, copy in 969th FA Bn AAR, Jan 45.

22 1st Ind to Ltr cited n. 21..

23 Third Army GO 31, 7 Feb 45. See below, p. (670), for the first earned.

24 AAR 578th FA Bn, Dec 44.

25 AAR VIII Corps Arty, Dec 44.

26 AAR 578th FA Bn, Feb 45; AAR's 333d FA Gp, Jan-Feb 45.

27 AAR's 578th FA Bn, Jan-May 45.

28 Ltr, Hq 3d Div Arty to GO 999th FA Bn, 7 Jan 45.  copy in Hist 999th FA Bn, Jun 44-Jan 45

29 AAR's 999th FA Bn, Feb-May 45; 969th FA Bn, Feb-May 45; 686th FA Bn, Feb-May 45.

30 AAR's 999th FA Bn, Feb-May 45; 144th FA Gp, Feb 45.

31 AAR's 969th FA Bn, Feb-May 45.

32 Hist and AAR'S 350th FA Bn, Feb-MaY 45.

33 Hist Summary 686th FA Bn, Apr 45

34 Hist 777th FA Bn, 15 Aug 43-31 Dec 44; AAR's and Jnl 777th FA Bn, Feb-May 45; AAR's and Jul 349th Gp, Feb-Mar 45.

35 Lt Col George Dyer, XII Corps: Spearhead of Patton's Third Army (Hq XII U.S. Army Corps,
1947) P 128.

36 Hist 452d AAA  AW Bn, 1943 and 1944.

37 AAR's 452d AAA  AW Bn, Jun-Oct 44

38 Silver Stars: SSgt William Campbell, T/5 Zeno Ellis, Pfc Edward I. Swindell, Pfc Willie Jackson, and Pvt Samuel Johnson, Hq XII Corps, GO 3, 9 Jan 45; Hq XII Corps, GO 4, 13 Jan 45.

39 Hq ETO, Anti Aircraft Artillery Notes, No. 6, 28 Nov 44.

40 Hq ETO, Anti Aircraft Notes, No. 26, 18 Apr 45

41 AAR's and Opus Rpts, 452d AAA AW Bn, Aug 44-MaY 45, Jan-MAY 45. Fractions resulted when more than one unit was credited with the destruction of a plane.

42 Bn files, 761st Tank Bn; Trezzvant W. Anderson, Come Out Fighting: The Epic Tale of the 761st Tank Battalion,1942-1945 (Salzburger Druckerei and Verlag, 1945), pp. 15, 21. The account by Anderson, a newspaperman in civilian life who, as a noncommissioned aviation engineer, took a reduction in rank to transfer to the 761st, is one of the best of the few Negro unit histories to appear in print.

43 For an account of the 26th Division in this, its initial campaign, see Hugh M. Cole, The Lorraine Campaign, in this series, Chs. VII, X, XII.

44 Jnl 602d TD Bn, ETO I,1292, 26th Inf Div (38)

45 SAAR 761st Tank Bn, Nov 44, in L-292-26th Inf Div (39) ; Dyer, op. Cit., p. 250.

46 AAR 761st S-2, S-3, Nov 44. Anderson, Come Out Fighting, pp. 20-33; Cole, The Lorraine Campaign, P. 323.

47 The first member of this tank unit to lose his life was a medical aidman, Pvt. Clifford C. Adams, hit by an exploding shell while going to the aid of a wounded crewman.

48 Cpl. Alfred L. Wilson, who died refusing aid for himself. Cole, The Lorraine Campaign, p. 322n. See notes on pages 921-23 for other examples of heroism among infantrymen on these days.

49 As of 14 Nov 45. Ltr, CO 761st to CG 12th Army Gp, 10 Jul 45, 201.3, Bn Records; Bn Corresp Files; Anderson, Come Out Fighting, p, 151.

50 Anderson, Come Out Fighting, pp, 25, 27. 

51 Silver Star, SSgt Ruben Rivers, Hq 26th Inf Div, GO 2 Dec 44.

52 Both received Silver Stars.

53 Commendations binder, 761st Tnk Bn Files; Anderson, Come Out Fighting, pp. 35, 102-12.

54 AAR 761st Tnk Bn S-2, S-3, Nov 44.

55 War Diary, CO foist Inf Opns Rpts, 26th Inf Div, Nov 44.

56 AAR 761st Tnk Bn S-2, S-9, Nov 44.

56 AAR 761st Tnk Bn S-2, S-9, Nov 44.
 
57 AAR 761st Tnk Bn Med Detachment, Nov 44 (dated 29 Nov 44); AAR 761st S-1 Nov 44 (dated 2 Dec 44); AAr Motor Office, 761st Tnk Bn, Nov 44 (dated 2 Dec 44).

58 Summaries of Gen Staff Sees, 26th Inf Div, G-1 Rpt, Nov 44.

59 AAR 761st S-1, Dec 44, and Bn Files.

60 Ltrs, 761st Tnk Bn to CG XVI Corps, 17 Feb 45

61 AAR's Per S-t Rpts, 761st; Press Release, S-2 761st Tnk Bn, 6 Aug 45.

62 Hq Third U.S. Army to CG XII Corps, 24 Nov 44, with rst Ind, Hq XII Corps to CO's All Units Attached or Assigned to XII Corps, 28 Nov 44. XII Corps, AG 200.6; Ltr, Hq 26th Inf Div to All Members 26th Inf Div, 26 Nov 44, copies in L-292-26th Inf Div Supply Does and attached unit rpts.

63 Ltr, Hq XII Corps to CO 761st Tnk Bn, 9 Dec 44. AG 380.19 (G-1), Bn Files.

64 1st Ind, Hq 26th Inf Div (on Ltr cited n. 63) to CO 761st Tnk Bn, AG 201.22, Bn Files.

65 AAR 761st Motor Office, Dec 44.

66 Ibid., Jan 45.

67 AAR 761st Service Co, Jan 45 

68 AAR 761st S-2, S-9, Mar 45.

69 AAR 3d Cav Gp (M) , Nov, Dec 44; Ltr, Hq 614th TD Bn to S-3 3d Cav Gp, 614th TD Bn AAR, Dec 44.

70 Jnl 614th TD Bn, Dec 44; Narrative Rpt, 614th TD Bn, Dec 44; Hq Seventh Army, 3 Dec 44, AG 370.5-C.

71 FO 3, 103d Inf Div, 7 Dec 44.

72 Ltr, Hq Co C to S-3 614th TD Bn, 8 Dec 44, 614th TD Bn S-3 Jnl, Dec 44.

73 Daily Rpt, Ex0 614th TD Bn to S-3, to Dec 44.

74 S-3 Rpt Go C 614th TD Bn, 13-14 Dec 44, S-3 Jnl 614th TD Bn, Dec 44.

75 Hq Seventh Army, GO 58, 20 Feb 45.

76 Narrative Rpt, 614th TD Bn, Dec 44; S-3 Rpt Company C 614th TD Bn, 19-14 Dec 44, Bn S-3 Jul; Opus Rpt (Narrative, an. r), road Inf Div, Dec 44, Apr 45; Personal Narrative, Sgt Dillard Booker, Third Platoon, C Company, 64th TD Bn, 614th TD 314.7. Ralph Mueller and Jerry Turk, Report After Action: The Story of the 103d Infantry Division (Hq, 103d Inf Div, Innsbruck, Austria, 1945) , PP. 48-50. Hq road Inf Div, GO 88, 27 Dec 44, and GO S9, 28 Dec 44; WD GO 37 45: Hq Seventh Army, GO 58, 20 Feb 45, and GO 141, 11 Apr 45.

77 Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn, Dec 44

78 Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn, Jan 45, XV Corps Daily TD Rpts, Dec-Jan 44; Armd Bulls (Summaries of Armd Activity) 1st Armd Gp, Jan 45.

79 2d Recon Plat Rpt of Enemy Activities, 26 Jan 45: Jul 614th TD Bn, Jan 45.

80 Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn, Feb 45; G-2 Periodic Rpt, 103d Inf Div, 6 Feb 45. The latter credits the party with only two Germans killed.

81 Mueller and Turk, 103d Infantry Division, p. 74. This account credits the raiders with nine prisoners and one dead German. These numbers appear to be those of a subsequent force's results.

82 Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn, Mar 45; Daily Rpt, Jnl 614th TD Bn, Mar 45; Mueller and Turk, road Infantry Division, p. 86.

83 Addition to Daily Rpt Co C, 15 Mar 45, Jul 614th TD Bn.

84 Jnl and AAR 761st Tk Bn, Mar 45; Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn; AAR 409th Inf Regt, Mar 45: Ltr, Hq 761st Tk Bn to CofS load Div, S May 45, Bn Files; Hist Data File, l08d Inf Div; Mueller and Turk, 103d Infantry Division, pp, 9"8; Anderson, Come Out Fighting, pp. 67-76.

85 Mueller and Turk, 103d Infantry Division, p. 96. The tank commander, Sgt. Ervin Lattimore, received a Silver .Star for his part in Task Force Rhine. Though wounded while leading the attack against the enemy column on the road from Munchweiler, Sergeant Lattimore refused to be evacuated, and commanded his tank on into Klingenmunster. Colonel Bates, who kept walking up and down his columns during the many halts caused by roadblocks and fire fights, talking to and jerking tired men awake during the night and early morning hours of the twelve and-a-half-hour continuous drive, received a Silver Star as well. Bronze Stars went to a number of men and officers for their work in Task Force Rhine.

86 AAR 761st Tk Bn, Apr-May 45; AAR 71st Inf Div, Apr-May 45; Clinger, Johnston, and Masel, The History of the 71st Infantry Division (Augsburg, 1946), PP. 57-98.

87 Narrative Rpt 614th TD Bn, Apr-May 45: opus Rpt logd Inf Div, Apr-May 45.

88 Hist 784th Tk Bn, 1944. 

89 AAR 104th Inf Div, Jan-Apr 45.

90 Leo A. Hoegh and Howard J. Doyle, Timberwolf Tracks (Washington: The Infantry Journal Press, 1946) , p. 222.

91 Opus Rpt 784th Tk Bn, Feb-Mar 45; AAR 35th Div, Feb-Mar 45.

92 Bronze Star, Hq 35th Inf Div GO 26, 12 Apr 45

93 An Associated Press dispatch described Sevelen as a "miniature 'Bastogne,' " with the 784th's troops "mauling German parachute units in savage street fighting while cut off for eighteen hours." ("Negro Tank Outfit Repeats Bastogne," New York Times, March 5, 1945.)

94 AAR 5th Div, Mar 45; Opns Rpt 884th Tk Bn, Mar 45.

95 Ltr, Hq 134th Inf Regt to CG 85th Inf Div, 5 Mar 45, and 1st Ind, Hq 35th Inf Div to CO 784th Tk Bn, Bn Files.

96 Bronze Stars, Hq 85th Inf Div, GO 26, 12 Apr 45

97 AAR 35th Div, Mar 45; Opns Rpt (Intel An.), 784th Tk Bn, Mar 45.

98 Ibid

99 Opns Rpts 784th Tk Bn, Apr-Jun 45; Ltr, CO 784th Tk Bn to CG 12th Army Gp, 2 Jul 45, copy in Bn Files.

100 Rpt of Investigation, 827th TD Bn, Bibisheim, France, 15-19 Jan 45, Incl to Ltr, IG VI Corps to CG VI Corps, 21 Jan 45, SHAFT G-3 O&F 322; 1st Ind, Hq ESFET (Main), 1 Oct 49, on Ltr, TAG to Comds, 23 May 49, AG 291.2 (23 May 45) OB-S­WDSSP, in WDSSP 291.2 (ETO).

101 Rpt of Investigation, 827th TD Bn, AAR's 827th TD Bn.

102 Report of Operations: The Seventh Army in France and Germany,1944-1949 (Heidelberg, 1946) , II, 560-61, 580-82.

103 Ibid., 566; XV Corps Daily TD Rpts, Dec 44­Jan 45; Hist 827th TD Bn, Jan 45; Opns Rpt 92d Cav Recon Sq, Jan 45; Opns Rpt 12th Armd Div Arty, Jan 45

104 Ltr, Hq Seventh Army, 6 Jan 45, copy in Hist 827th TD Bn.

105 Rpt of Investigation, 827th TD Bn,15-19 Jan 45

106 79th Div G-5 Rpt, 7 Jan 45

107 Rpt of Investigation, 827th TD Bn; AAR 818th TD Bn, Jan 45.

108 AAR 813th TD Bn, Jan 45; Unit Jnl 3d Bn 313th Inf, Jan 49.

109 AAR 315th Inf 79th Div, Jan 45

110 AAR 813th TD Bn, Jan 45.

111 Rpt,of Investigation, 827th TD Bn.

112 Unit Hist 827th TD Bn, Jan 45

113 1st Ind to Rpt of Investigation, Hq VI Corps to CG Seventh Army,.26 Jan 45.

114 Ltr, Hq Seventh Army to CG 6th Army Gp, 31 Jan 45, AG 333.5-0, 6th Army GP 322-3 (Jan).

115 Msg, SHAEF Main to Hq ETOUSA, 13 Jan 45. OUT 1633, and Memo, Chief O&E to SHAEF G-3, 26 Jan 45. Both in SHAEF G-3 322.

116 1st Ind to Ltr cited n. 114, Hq 6th Army Gp to CG Seventh Army, 14 Feb 45, AG 322/3 SGS-O.

117 Unit Jnl 827th TD Bn, Feb 45.

118 12th Armd Div G-3 Opns Rpt, Feb 45

119 12th Armd Div G-1 Opns Rpt, Feb 45; 12th Armd Div IG Rpt, Feb 45.

120 VI Corps G-1 Jnl, 6 Feb 45.

121 AAR 827th TD Bn, Feb 45; Ltr, Hq Seventh Army to CG XV Corps, 12 Feb 45, AG 370.5-C.

122 Opns Rpts 68th AAA Gp, Feb-Mar 45, CAGP­68-0.9 (42144)

123 Ltr, Hq VI Corps, OTIG to CG VI Corps, 10 Mar 45, in Rpt of Investigation.

124 gth to 8th Inds, 27 Mar 45-19 Apr 45, to Ltr, Hq Seventh Army to CG 6th Army Gp, 31 Jan 45 and attached inteiof&ce slips, 6th Army GP X22-9 (Jan); Ltr, SHAEF G-3 Forwarded to SHAEF CofS, 19 Apr 45, GCT 322 (TK-TD) O&E.

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