Endnotes for Chapter XXIII

1 Gen Brehon Somervell, "Management," Public Administration Review, IV (autumn 1944), 257. This and other articles in a symposium about the ASF were reprinted as a separate booklet entitled Administrative Management in the Army Service Forces (Chicago, Public Administration Service, 1944).

2 Somervell, "Management," p. 259, cited in n. 1.

3 There is a history of the Army Supply Program in the historical files of the ASF For a summary of the program's purposes and primary features see Maj. Gen. Lucius D. Clay, "The Army Supply Program," Fortune, February 1943.

4 Ltr, TAG to CG ASF, by order of SW, 22 Jul 43.

5 ASF Cir 106, 18 Apr 44.

6 Annual Rpt of ASF, 1944, pp. 108, 336.

7 Ibid., p. 348.

8 Min, Sv Comd Conf, ASF, 28-30 Jun 45, Camp Grant, Ill. (mimeographed), p. 2.

9 Gen Brehon Somervell, "Red Tape Must Go," American Magazine (December 1942), p. 30.

10 Min, Conf of CG's Sv Comds, Chicago, 22-24 Jul 43, pp. 4-5.

11 Min, Conf of CG's SOS, 2d Sess, 30 Jul 42, p. 63.

12 Memo, Somervell for Clay, 13 Aug 42, CG ASF

13 The two check-lists of current problems and the monthly reports on each item were bound and filed in Hq ASF, Check-Lists.

14 ASF Cir 233, 26 Jul 44.

15 See ASF Cir 240, 29 Jul 44.

16 WD press releASF, BPR, "Statement by Lieutenant General Brehon Somervell on Order Increasing Hours of Work of ASF Personnel," 1 Aug 44.

17 ASF Cir 317, 22 Sep 44.

18 See above, p. 145.

19 Memo, Somervell for Marshall, 31 Jul 43, CG ASF

20 Somervell, "Management," p. 258, cited in n. 1.

21 Min, Conf of CG's SOS, 1 st Sess, 30 Jul 42 p. 3.

22 Min, Conf of CG's Sv Comds, Chicago, 22-24 Jul 43, p. 382.

23 Min, Conf of CG's SOS, 5th Sess, 1 Aug 42, pp. 259-60.

24 See the following chapter for an account of these circumstances.

25 For a list of the duties of the ASF as developed by the Control Division in 1945, see Appendix 1.

26 This opening statement on 30 November 1942 was mimeographed and distributed to every ASF officer and key civilian in Washington.

27 This talk was reproduced as a press releASF by the War Department, Bureau of Public Relations, 10 March 1943.

28 The 1944 and 1945 talks were reproduced by The Adjutant General's office and distributed over a personal letter from General Somervell to all military and civilian personnel in the ASF

29 Both the 1944 and 1945 radio addresses were reproduced and releASFd by the War Department, Bureau of Public Relations..

30 The best available general account is Administrative Management in the Army Service Forces, cited in n. 1. A longer, more detailed account, written by Richard M. Leighton, History of Control Division, ASF, 19421945 (mimeographed), is available in OCMH.

31 Min, Conf of CG's Sv Comds, Chicago, 30 Jul-1 Aug 42, pp. 213-14.

32 Annual Rpt of ASF, 1943, p. 252.

33 Annual Rpt of ASF, 1945, pp. 302-.03.

34 Ibid., pp. 325-39.

35 See New York Field Survey, Cond Br, SOS, May 42 (mimeographed), CD, ASF, p. 149.

36 Principles and Policies of Personnel Management, WD, SOS, signed by Somervell.

37 Annual Rpt of ASF, 1943, p. 231; ASF Monthly Progress Rpt, Personnel and Training, 31 Jul 43, Sec. 5

38 ASF Monthly Progress Rpt, Personnel and Training, 31 Jul 43, Sec. 5.

39 Ibid., p. 233.

40 Ibid., pp. 38-45.

41 CD, ASF, Statistical Review, World War 11, p. 213.

42 ASF Cir 44, 27 Jun 43.

43 Ibid.

44 This effort was described by Somervell in Hearings before the Committee on the Civil Service, H.R., 78th Cong, 1st Sess, on Investigation of Civilian Employment, 15 Jun 43, pp. 557ff. See also Constance McL. Green, Harry C. Thomson, and Peter Roots, The Ordnance Department: Organization and Research and Development a volume in preparation for. the series UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II, Chs. V. and VI.

45 These instructions are reproduced in Report on the Program for More Effective Utilization of Personnel, prepared by CD, ASF, and reproduced by TAGO, CD, ASF

46 ASF Cir 39, 11 Jun 43.

47 Annual Rpt of ASF, 1943, p. 239.

48 Hearings before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, H.R.; 78th Cong, 2d Sess, on Military Establishment Appropriation Bill for 1945, pp. 62122.

49 Ibid., p. 122

50 See, for example, Target: Germany; the AAF official story of the VIII Bomber Command's first year over Europe (New York, Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1943); Oliver jensen, Carrier War (New York, Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1945).

51 Detzer, The Mightiest Army. This book was printed on paper taken from the Reader's Digest quota, published without profit, distributed at cost, with royalties going to the Army Emergency Relief Fund.

52 For example, Somervell spoke before the National Industrial Conference Board 24 September 1942; U.S. Chamber of Commerce 27 April 1943; Dallas Chamber of Commerce 18 February 1944; Atlanta Chamber of Commerce 12 June 1944; Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce 4 July 1944; and the National Association of Manufacturers 6 December 1944.

53 Memo, Somervell for Marshall, 30 Dec 44, CG ASF

54 Appropriations Committee members were especially complimentary when Somervell appeared. On 26 February 1941, at a hearing of the House Committee on Military Affairs, Representative Matthew J. Merritt of New York remarked: "Just one question I had in mind, General, and before I ask you that, I just want to tell you that New York has had a loss and Washington- had a gain because of the fact that you left New York and came down to Washington. We were very much enthused over your work up there and appreciated all of your help." Hearings before the Committee on Military Affairs, H. R., 77th Cong, 1st Sess, on Inquiry as to National Defense Construction, p. 177.

Some two months later, the chairman of the House Committee on Appropriations, Clifton A. Woodrum of Virginia, remarked: "I do not know how other members of the Committee feel about it, but I think the Committee has a lot of confidence in General Somervell." To which Mr. Snyder replied: "So do the members of the War Department Subcommittee." Hearings before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, H.R., 77th Cong, 1st Sess, on Military Establishment Appropriation Bill for 1942, 7 May 41, p. 414.

A year later, on 1 I June 1942, Mr. Snyder amplified his sentiments when General Somervell appeared to defend the War Department budget requests-for the fiscal year 1943. Mr. Snyder, the chairman of the War Department subcommittee said: "General, at the outset may I express to you the great pleasure it is to each of us to get most complimentary reports from many different sources of the magnificent job

you are doing. It is very gratifying and reassuring to us to know that, as representatives of the people and the taxpayers of the nation, we have such capable hands to entrust with such tremendous responsibilities." Hearings before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, H. R., 77th Cong, 2d Sess, on Military Establishment Appropriation Bill for 1943, 11 Jun 42, p. 31.

On the same occasion Mr. D. Lane Powers, Republican from New Jersey, declared: "General Somervell, I say this absolutely from the heart: I think you are doing a magnificent job. I think you have one of the most difficult jobs any military man ever had in the history of the world, and I think every member of this committee agrees with me; and I certainly hope that the people of the United States some day will show their appreciation of you for the work that you have done, that you are doing, and that you will do. I think it is grand." Ibid., p. 47.

On 26 May 1943, when General Somervell appeared again before the House Committee on Appropriations, one of its members, Mr. Joseph Starnes of Alabama, had this to say: "General Somervell I think the high point in the history of this World War II will be the operations of the Services of Supply . . . it will provide the most fascinating chapter in the history of man. Under your superb leadership we have improved the science of logistics. Time and space have been a challenge met with spirit and incomparable results." Hearings before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, H.R., 77th Cong, 2d Sess, on Military Establishment Appropriation Bill for 1944, p. 36.

55 See above, p. 383.

56 Congressional Record, October 1, 1942, pp. 793945.

57 Congressional Record, February 29, 1944, p. 2124, and March 6, 1944, p. 2315.

58 Congressional Record, Vol. 88, Pt. 10, Appen., p. A3568.

59 Ltr, Julius H. Amberg, Spec Asst to SW, to the Truman Com, USW files, 13 Jul 43.

60 When this brief was prepared it was thought that the Truman Committee would hold a hearing on the Pentagon. This was never done. The brief, entitled The Pentagon Project, was prepared by the Control Division, and the original is in the files of the Commanding General, ASR

61 See Hearings before a Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 78th Cong, 2d Sess, Pt. 21.

62 Third Annual Report of the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 78th Cong, 2d Sess, 3 Mar 44, Senate Rpt 10, Pt. 6, p. 131.

63 Ibid., pp. 131-32.

64 Ibid., p. 132.

65 Fifth Annual Report of the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 79th Cong, 2d Sess 2 Aug 46, Senate Rpt 110, Pt. 7 p. 23. For a more detailed treatment of the Alcan Highway see Bykofsky and Larson. Activities in the Oversea Commands; Jesse A. Remington, Blanche D. Coll, Lenure Fine, ZI Construction, II, one of the Engineer volumes in the series, UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II. See also Stetson Conn and Byron Fairchild, The Framework of Hemisphere Defense, a volume in preparation for the series UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II. Ch. XIII.

66 CD Rpt 175, The Alaska Highway, 1 Jun 45, CD, ASF

67 Additional Report of the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 78th Cong, 2d Sess, 19 Dec 44, Senate Rpt 10, Pt. 20, p. 29.

68 Ibid., p. 17.

69 Ibid., p. 21.

70 Ibid., p. 23.

71 Ibid., p. 33.

72. Hearings before the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 78th Cong, 1st Sess, on the Canol Project, Pt. 22. Somervell's testimony begins on p. 9655.

73 Ibid., p. 9655-62.

74 Ibid., pp. 9662-64.

75 Ibid., pp. 9664-65.

76 Ibid., p. 9665.

77 Ibid., p. 9670-72.

78 Ibid., p. 9688.

79 Additional Report of the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 78th Cong, 1st Sess, Senate Rpt 10, Pt. 14.

80 Ibid., pp. 6-7.

81 Ibid., p. 7.

82 Ibid., p. 7.

83 Fifth Annual Report of the Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 79th Cong, 2d Sess, 3 Sep 46, Senate Rpt 110, Pt. 7.

84 Ibid., p. 23.

85 Admiral King subsequently protested vigorously the implication of the committee that he had acted as an individual rather than simply as spokesman of the views of the joint Chiefs of Staff collectively. See Hearings before a Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program, Senate, 79th Cong, 2d Sess, Pt. 39, p. 22983.

86 Fifth Annual Report, p. 25, cited in n. 83.

87 Additional Report, p. 6, cited in n. 79.

88 See for example, Memo, Somervell for ACofS OPD, 20 Jul 43, CG ASR

89 JCS 528/1 Joint Production Survey Com Rpt, 23 Oct 43, ABC 463.7 Canol (11 Oct 43) Sec. 1-A; JCS 528/7, JLC Rpt, 23 Oct 46, ABC 463.7 Canol (11 Oct 43) Sec. 1-B.

90 A complete history of the Canol project was prepared by the Office of the Chief of Engineers in 1945 at the request of General Somervell. See files, CD, ASF

91 These documents are contained in Report on the Pan American Highway, a typed report prepared by the Construction Planning Branch, Requirements Division, ASF, 12 January 1944, CG ASF


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