Endnotes for Chapter XV
1 Notes of Mtg in OCS, 11 Sep 40, OCS Misc Conf, binder 3 ; Informal Rpt from Gen Devers to CofS . . . , 24 Sep 40, OCS Conf, birder 6.
2 Joint Canada-United States Basic Defense Plan, 1940 (First Draft), WPD 4351-5.
3 Notes on Conf in OCS, 12 Sep 40, OCS Conf, OPD binder; Memo, Col Ward for G-3, 13 Sep 40, OCS 20955-6.
4 Memo, Col Cordiner for Col Crawford, WPD, 30 Sep 40, WPD 4351-9, sec. 3.
5 Memo, WPD for CofS, 5 Apr 41, WPD 4351-92, sec. 6. The strength of the force given in TAG Ltr to CG's, Corps Areas et al., 22 Oct 40 (as amended, 12 NOV, 22 NOV, 23 Nov, 30 Dec 40, 7 Jan 41), filed in WPD 4351-9, varies slightly from the above figures, which were compiled from the roster of passengers on board USAT Edmund B. Alexander, filed in AG 580 (9-4-40), sec. 2, pt. 2. More specifically, the contingent comprised: Hq, Newfoundland Base Command (NBC) ; 3d Battalion, 3d Infantry, with band and attached medical detachment; Detachment 6th Engr Battalion; 1 Battery, Gun, 62d (AA), with 1 Platoon, Search Light; 1 Battery, 155-mm. gun, Towed, 57th CA; plus service units.
6 Memo, WPD for G-4, 31 Mar 41, sub: Supply Constructions Relative to . . . Atlantic Bases, WPD 4357-89 ; Memo (not used), SW and SN for President, 28 Mar 41, sub: Official Relations . . . With Govts of British Possessions . . . , WPD 4351-84.
7 Quoted in Morison, Battle of the Atlantic, p. 56.
8 See Winston S. Churchill, "The Second World War" The Grand Alliance, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1950), pp. 120-21.
9 Conn and Fairchild, Framework of Hemisphere Defense, p. 105. The transfer orders for the Pacific Fleet units were rescinded on 15 April as a result of the signing of the Russo-Japanese pact of 13 April. Without these units, the convoy plan would have been unworkable and it was therefore rejected in favor of a less,forceful extension of patrol activities. On 12 May Ambassador Kichisaburo Nomura laid before Secretary Hull a draft of proposals which the Japanese Government thought might serve as the basis for an understanding between the two governments. On the very next day, the orders for the transfer of the Pacific Fleet units to the Atlantic were reissued and the movement got under way. See Pearl Harbor Attack, pt. 11, pp. 5502-04, and pt, 16, pp. 2160-64.
10 The Presidential directive is still effectively hidden in some records file of the Adjutant General's Office. A photostat of Secretary Stimson's reply to the President with penciled date of 7 Apr 1941, is in AG 320.2 (4-5-41), sec. a. A typed copy of this memorandum in WPD 4351-8, bearing the stamped date 8 April, which was the date it was received by WPD, is incorrectly cited in Watson, Prewar Plans and Preparations, note 70, page 480, as 3 Apr 1941.
11 Calendar of Hopkins Papers, bk. IV, items 3, 4,
5 ; Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History, p. 290.12 See notation by "F.D.R." on Memo, SW For President, 7 Apr 41, AG 320.2 (4-5-41), sec. 1.
13 Memo, Acting CofS for CNO, 9 Apt 41; and, in reply, Memo, CNO for COB, 14 Apr 41, sub: Def of Bermuda. Both in AG 580 (9-4-40), sec. 4. Memo, "F.K." [Frank Knox} for President, 12 Apr 41, Roosevelt Papers, FORL.
14 Memo, WPD for COB, 5 Apt 41, sub: Immediate Infantry Def for Bermuda and Trinidad, WPD 4351-94, sec. 6; Memo, WPD for CofS, 5 Apr 41, sub: Immediate Garrisons for Certain Atlantic U.S. Bases . . . , and tabs D, E, and F atchd, WPD 4351-92, sec. 6.
15 Telg 1171, Secy State to American Ambassador, London, 7 Apr 41, and, in reply, Telg 1393, American Ambassador, London, to Secy State, 8 Apr 41. Both in WPD 4351-96, sec. 6. Notes of Conf in ODCofS, 8 Apr 41, OCS Conf, binder 13.
16 Memo, SW for President, 7 Apr 41, AG 320.2 (4-5-41), sec. 1; Memo, Gen Bryden, Acting CofS, for SW, 9 Apr 41, WPD 4351-8, sec. 1.
l7 Rpt, Gen Wilby to Gen Drum, 29 Apr 41, title: Inspection Trip to Bermuda, AG 580 (9-4-40) ), sec. 4; app. A to Jt Army-Navy Plan 1, 20 Apr 41, WPD 4517; Daily Rpt of
18 Ltr, TAG to Chiefs of Arms and Services, 9 Apr 41, sub: Immediate Garrisons for Certain Atlantic Bases . . . , AG 320.2 (4-9-41) ; TBC Hist Sec, CDC, Hist of TS and BC, I, 55-58, 68. Progress . . . Bases in British Possessions, 21 Apr 41, WPD 4351-1I3, sec. 6.
19 Ltr, TAG to Chiefs of Arms and Services, 9 Apr 41, sub: Immediate Garrisons for Certain Atlantic Bases . . . , AG 320.2 (4-9-41) ; Troop Movement Order 2, New York Port of Embarkation, 12 Apr 41; Ltr, American Consul General, St. John's, to Secy State, 8 May 41. Last two in WPD 4351-9, sec. 3.
20 The missions are defined in the Newfoundland Defense Project, 20 Dec 40, WPD 4390; in the Bermuda Defense Project, 16 Apr 41, WPD 4481-3; and in the Trinidad Defense Project, 28 Apr 41, WPD 4485-1.
21 Memo, SW for President, 24 Apr 41, sub: Directive to Army Base Commdrs . . . , WPD 4351-98, sec. 6.
22 Memo, WPD for CofS, 10 May 41, WPD 4351-98, sec. 6.
23 The original text and Secretary Stimson's revision are both given in his letter to the Secretary of State of 16 May 1941, in WPD 4351-98, sec. 6. Other papers on the subject are in the same file.
24 Memo, WPD for TAG, 10 May 41, WPD 4351-98, sec. 6.
25 Memo, WPD for TAG, 31: Oct 41, OCS 21174-57.
26 Memo, Gen Embick for CofS, 7 Jul 41, Sub: Comments on Ltr of General Drum; Memo, Gen Arnold for WPD, 18 Aug 41. Both in WPD 4351-9, sec. 4.
27 See ch. IX.
28 TAG Ltr to CG First Army, et al., 18 Dec 40, WPD .4351-9, sec. 3 ; TAG Ltr to CG First Army, et al., 25 Jan 41, WPD 4351-8, sec. 1; ttr, CofS First Army to CO NBC, 11 Jan 41, WPD 4390-3.
29 Min of Conf in ODCofS, 10 Dec 40, OCS Conf, binder 6.
30 TAG Ltr to CG's CDC and PCD, 18 Apr 41, WPD 4351-20, sec. 1 ; TBC Hist Sec, CDC, Hist of TS and BC, 1, 9.-20.
31 See ch. X111 for an account of the organization of the CDC.
32 Memo, Gen Spaatz for COPS, 28 Apr 41, WPD 4351-9, sec. 4.
33 Memo, Gen Spaatz for CofS, 28 Apr 41; Memo, G-3 for CofS, 12 May 41; Memo, WPD for Gen Arnold, 22 May 41; Memo, Gen Arnold for COB, 23 May 41. All in WPD 4351-9, sec. 4.
34 Memo, WPD for Cofs, 6 Jun 41, WPD 4351-9, sec. 3.
35 Memo, DCofS for TAG, 1 Jul 41, OCS 21174-34; Memo, WPD for TAG, 8 Jul 41, sub: Comd of U.S. Army Units in Newfoundland, WPD 4351-9, sec. 4; Memo, WPD for TAG, 8 Jul 41, sub: Comd of U.S. Army Units in Bermuda, WPD 4351-8, sec. 1.
36 On the North Atlantic Def Comd, see Memo, DCofS GHQ for WPD, 11 Aug 41, WPD 4175-18; Memo, Col Hays for Gen Malony, 10 Sep 41, OPD-GHQ INDIGO, Binder 2. On the Northeastern Air Theater, see Draft Memo (prepared in WPD and not used), CofS for Gen Arnold, n.d., WPD 4351-9, sec. 6; Draft Memo (not used), CofS for Gen Arnold, 13 Nov 41, GHQ 381, binder 1; Memo, CofS for Gen Arnold, 19 Nov 41; Memo, SGS for WPD, 1 Dec 41 ; Memo, WPD for COB, 4 Dec 41. Last three in WPD 4351-9, sec. 6. On the Bermuda proposal, see Memo, Col Hays for DCofS GHQ 2 Sep 41; Memo, DCofS GHQ for WPD, 3 Sep 41. Both in WPD 4351-8, sec. 2. See below, pp. 486-88, for data showing the relationship between this question and Iceland.
37 Memo, CofS for Gen Arnold, 19 Nov 411, WPD 4351-9, sec. 6.
38 Memo, CofS GHQ for WPD, 2 Sep 41, WPD 4558. Further discussion of the command problem, including the relationship of the Canadian and American forces in Newfoundland, will be found in chapter XX.
39 See Greenfield, Palmer, and Wiley, Organization of Ground Combat Troops, pp. 128-42; Watson, Prewar Plans and Preparations, pp. 292-97; Cline, The Operations Division, pp. 61-74; John D. Millett, The Organization and Role of the Army Service Forces, UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II (Washington, 1954), pp. 23-26.
40 Memo, CofS for Gen Arnold, 19 Nov 41, WPD 4351-9, sec. 6.
41 Memo, SW for President, 1 Jul 41, WPD 4351-8, sec. 1.
42 Memo, WPD for TAG, 4 Apr 41; Memo, Lt Col Albert C. Lieber, Jr., for Col Crawford, WPD, 3 Jun 41. Both in WPD 4351-9, sec. 3. Ltr, CG TBC to TAG, 25 May 41; Memo, WPD for TAG, 17 Jun 41. Last two in WPD 4351-20, sec. 1. Rpt, Lt Col Samuel N. Karrick to TIG, 12 Jul 41, sub: Military Construction in Newfoundland, WPD 4351-9, sec. 4; Rpt, Maj John A. Hunt to TIG, 26 Jul 41, sub: . . . Bermuda Base Coned, WPD 4351-8; Eastern Div, CE, Rpt of Progress, Atlantic Bases, Oct 41, AG 580 (9-4-40) , sec. 1-D, Bulky Package.
43 Documents bearing on the Newfoundland Railway are in WPD 4351-9, sec. 3. Most important are: Rpt of Conf with RCAF in Ottawa, 26 Jan-1 Feb 41, Lt Col Harold L. Clark to WPD, n.d.; Memo, Gen Spaatz for WPD, 25 Mar 41; Memo, WPD for Senior Army Member, Permanent Joint Board on Defense, 26 Apr 41; Memo, WPD for TAG, 26 Apr 41. See also Memo, WPD for CofS, 23 Jun. 41; and unsigned Memo of 5 Sep 41 atchd to Memo, Col Bissell fox ACofS WPD, 5 Sep 4 1. Last two in WPD 4351-9, sec- 4.
44 Rad, Talbot to QMC, 10 May 41, AG 320.2 (4-5-41), sec. 4.
45 Memo, DQMG for G-4, 17 May 41, TAG 320.2 (4-5-41), sec- 4; Ltr, Talbot to CG CDC, 28 Aug 41, WPD 4351-20, sec. 1.
46 See AR 5-340, 10 Aug 36.
47 D/F, WPD to CofS AAF, 9 Jul 4i, sub: Material for . . . British Guiana Base, WPD 4351-21; Procurement Cir 59, 30 Jul 41, and 92, 30 Dec. 41.
48 Memo, WPD for G-4, 19 Jul 41, sub: Administration and Supply of Certain Atlantic Bases, WPD 4440-15; Memo, G-4 for TAG, 1 Oct 41, sub: Supply Plans for CDC; Memo for Rcd and 1st Ind, CG CDC, 18 Oct 41, on TAG Ltr of 6 Oct 41. Last two in AG 320.2 (1-8-41).
49 Memo, G-4 for Cof S, 12 Nov 4 T, OCS 21160-119; Rpt of DCofS GHQ, 28 Nov 41, GHQ 337 Staff Confs, binder 2; TAG Ltr to CG FF, 23 Dec 41, sub: Supply Plans for CDC; 8th Ind, Requirements Div SOS to CG CDC, 9 Jun 42, sub: Supply Plans for CDC, on TAG Ltr of 6 Oct 41, with Memo for Rcd attached. Last two in AG 320.2 (1-8-41).
50 Report of Special Inspection of Bermuda Base Command, Maj Hunt to TIG, 26 Jul 41, WPD 4351-8, sec. 1; Ltr, CG TBC to CG CDC, 30 Sep 41, AG 000.73 (5-16-41), sec. 11.
51 GHQ Staff Confs (Dec-41), GHQ 337 Staff Confs, binder 2; Memo, SW for President, 24 Dec 41, sub: Evacuation of Dependents . . . , OCS 21098-56.
52 TBC, Hist Sec, CDC, Hist of TS and BC, IV, 100, 112.
53 See Watson, Prewar Plans and Preparations, pp. 231-36.
54 The extension of USO activities precipitated a feud between the USO and the American Red Cross over their respective spheres of operation, a controversy that caught the War Department in the middle and which may have sped the construction of the recreation centers.
55 Memo for Rcd by Col Crawford, 16 Aug 41, sub: Bermuda-Passage of the U.S. Bases Act, 27 June 1941; Memo, WPD for TAG, 17 Jun 41. Both in WPD 4351-8, sec. 1. Ltr, Mr. Thomas W. Palmer, Standard Oil Co. of N.J., to Mr. Ray Atherton, State Dept, 5 Nov 41 ; Memo, Col Crawford, WPD, for Mr. Hickerson, State Dept, 12 Dec 41; Note for Rcd, WPD to G-4, 2 Oct 41, sub: Payment of Taxes . . . in Bermuda. Last three in WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
56 Ltr, American Consul, Trinidad, to Secy State, 5 Sep 41 ; Memo, WPD for Mr. Hickerson, State Dept, 17 Sep 41; Memo for TAG, 30 Oct 41, sub: Implementation of Base Lease Agreement .... All in WPD 4351-20, sec. 2.
57 Memo, G-1 for WPD, 6 Oct 41; Memo, JAG for WPD, 15 Oct 41; Memo, WPD for CofS, 15 Nov 41. All in WPD 4351-167.
58 Ltr, Gen Talbot, to Capt John Huggins, Acting Governor, 29 Oct 41; Ltr, Talbot to TAG, 1 Nov 41. Both in WPD 4351-20, sec. 2.
59 Telg 756, American Consul, Trinidad, to Secy State, 15 Nov 41; D/F, WPD to TAG, 19 Nov 41, with Rad to CG, Trinidad, and Memo for Record. All in WPD 4351-20, sec. 2.
60 Telgs 756,
15 Nov 41, and 764, 24 Nov 41, American Consul, Trinidad, to Secy State, WPD 4351-20, sec. 2.61 Ltr, Secy State to SW, 27 Nov 41, WPD 4351-20, sec. 2.
62 See Ltr, Col Ward to Gen Talbot, 3 Jun 41; Rad, TAG to Talbot, 12 Jun 41; Rad, TAG to CG CDC, 5 Sep 41; Ltr (drafted in WPD), G-2 to Talbot, 10 Sep 41; WPD Memo for TAG, with Rad to CG CDC, 16 Sep 41. All in WPD 4351-20, sec. 1.
63 TBC, Hist Sec, CDC, Hist of TS and BC, V, 28-29. A few days after the shooting at Arima a bill was introduced in the Legislative Council providing for the right of audience. Although
expected to pass on 28 October, it was not enacted until sometime the following month. Meanwhile, all cases pending in the local courts that involved American soldiers had to be postponed. See, Telg 745, American Consul, Trinidad to Secy State, 27 Oct 41, with copy of the proposed ordinance; Memo for Rcd on WPD Memo for TAG, 21 Oct 41; and Memo for Rcd on D/F, WPD to G-1, JAG, and TAG, 22 Nov 41. All in WPD 4351-2O, sec. 2.
64 In addition to the material cited in n. 56, see: Ltr, American Vice Consul, Bermuda, to Secy State, 20 Sep 41; Ltr, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda, to American Consul General, 5 Nov 41; and Memo, WPD for Mr. Hickerson, State Dept, 12 Dec 41. All in WPD 4351-8, sec. 2. Ltr, American Consul General, St. John's to .Secy State, 27 May 41, WPD 4351-9, sec. 3 ; Memo, WPD for CofS, 3 Dec 41, sub: Status of USO in Overseas Bases, WPD 4351-9, sec. 6.
65 Rad 1207, Mr. Winant to Secy State, 27 Mar 41, OPD Exec 13, item 15.
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