Endnotes for Chapter XX
1 Memo, Maj Lemnitzer, GHQ, for DCofS GHQ, 24 Nov 41, WPD 4493-153, sec. 5; Cable, TAG to SPOBS, London, No. 166, 29 Nov 41; Memo, Col Handy for General Gerow, 5 Dec 41. Last two in OPD-GHQ INDIGO "B." Memo, WPD for CofS GHQ, 11 Dec 41, WPD 4493-181, sec. 6.
2 Ltr, SW to the President, 25 Dec 41, Roosevelt Papers, FDRL.
3 Memo, the President for SW, 12 Dec 41, Roosevelt Papers, FDRL. Memo, G-2 for COB, 12 Dec 41, WPD 4493-184, sec. 6.
4 Matloff and Snell, Strategic Planning, 1941-42, ch. V.
5 Memo, GHQ for W PD, 1 Jan 42, sub: Relief of Marines in Iceland, OPD-GHQ 320.2, binder 1 ; Ltr, CG IBC, to CG FF, 5 Jan 42, sub: Summary of Relief of British Forces . . . GHQ 3 20.2 INDIGO (Strength), binder 4 ; FO 6, IBC, 21 Jan 42, GHQ 381 INDIGO, binder 1; G-1 Rpt, IBC, 5 Jun 42, OPD 319.1 IBC; Hq IBC, Rcd of Events, Jun 41-Jun 45, IBC 314.7.
6 Matloff and Snell, Strategic Planing, 1941-42, chapter XII, unfolds the strategic picture of this period. The CRIMSON project is touched upon in Conn and Fairchild, Framework of Hemisphere Defense, chapter XIII. For the build-up in Britain, see Leighton and Coakley, Logistics in Global Warfare, a94r-43, chapter XIV.
7 Samuel Milner, "Establishing the BOLERO Ferry Route," Military Affairs, XI, No. 4, Winter 1947, 213-22, is a good summary of the first ferrying operations over this route. See also Craven and Cate, eds., Plans and Early Operations, ch. 17.
8 North Atlantic Div, CE, U.S. Army Bases: Greenland, sec. V ; Morison, The Battle of the Atlantic, PP. 330-31 ; War Council Notes, 2 Sep 42, OCS files, SW Conf, binder 2.
9 G-1 Rpts for periods 16-31 Mar and 15-30 Jun 42, Hqs, Greenland Base Coned to ACofS WDGAP (G-1), OPD 319.2 GBC, sec. 1; and statistical summary Strength of U.S. Army Forces . . . , compiled by Statistics Sec, OCMH.
10 Memo, Chief, North American Theater, OPD, for ACofS OPD, 21 Nov 42, OPD 381 Greenland, sec. 1, case 19.
11 Entries of 9 Jun, 15 Jun, 16 Jun 42, OPD Diary. Memo, OPD for CG's AAF, AGF, SOS, and GBC, 15 Jul 42, OPD 320.2 Greenland, sec. 1, case 31.
12 Memo, CO GBC for CofS WDGS, 1 Jul 42 ; Memo, OPD for CG AGF, and CG SOS, 18 Jul 42. Both in OPD 320.2 Greenland, sec. 1, case 34. Entry for 15 Aug 42, OPD Diary. D/F, OPD for G-3 and DCofS, sub: Strength of QM Detachment, Foreign Station, 27 Oct 42, with Memo for Rcd and atchd papers, OPD 320.2 Greenland, Sec. 1, case 28.
13 Precise figures on the actual strength of any garrison at any particular time are almost unobtainable. The above approximations are based on the statistical summary, Strength of U.S. Army Forces . . . , compiled by OCMH Statistics Section, on the weekly OPD status maps, and on scattered strength summaries in OPD 320.2 files for the several base commands.
14 North Atlantic Div, CE, U.S. Army Bases: Newfoundland, sec. VI, pp. 12-22 ; North Atlantic Div, CE, U.S. Army Bases: Bermuda, sec. V, p. 2, supp. 4 and supp. 6.
15 Memo, G-4 for CofS, 14 Jan 42, OCS 21224-171. The relation between Iceland and the strategic decisions made during the Anglo-American conversations (the ARCADIA Conference) is suggested by the date of the authorization and of General Somervell's recommendation.
16 Col George C. Reinhardt, Engineers, IBC, Historical Outline of Keflavik Project, 23 Mar 43 copy in OCMH; Ltr, Gen Morris, USAF (Ret.) to OCMH, 26 Jul 51; Navy Dept, BuDocks, Building the Navy's Bases in World War 11, II, 56-57.
17 Rcd of Events, Hq IBC, Jun 41-Jun 45, IBC 314.7.
18 Hist Br, Intelligence and Security Div, Hq ATC, Administrative History of the Air Transport Command, March 1943-July 1944, copy in OCMH, p. 176.
19 Administrative History of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet in World War 11, vol. V, Commandant N.O.B. Bermuda (Commander in Chief, United States Atlantic Fleet, 1946), on file in Naval Research Sec, Naval Hist Div, OCNO, pp. 16, 48-50.
20 lbid.,
p. 51.21 Memo, Adm Turner for Gen Gerow, 4 Jan 42, sub: Proposal for Unity of Comd . . . , Bermuda; Memo, GHQ for WPD, 10 Jan 42; and Memo, WPD for COfcJ, 25 Jan 42. All in WPD 4351-8, sec. 2. Memo, CofS GHQ, for CG FF, 30 Jan 42, AGF-McNair file, Unity of Comd.
22 Memo, WPD for Adm Turner, 31 Jan 42, sub: Unity of Comd, Bermuda, WPD 4351-8, sec. 2; Ltr, Gen Embick to Col O. M. Biggar (Canadian Sec, PJBD), 11 Nov 41, Memo, Gen Embick for WPD, 13 Nov 41 ; Memo, Gen Embick for WPD, 28 Feb 42. Last three in WPD 4351-9, sec. 6.
23 Memo, Gen Embick for WPD, 28 Feb 42 ; Memo, WPD for CofS, 9 Mar 42 ; and atchd papers. All in WPD 4351-9, sec. 6.
24 Memo, Mayor La Guardia, Chairman, American Sec, PJBD, for CG EDC, 1 Oct 42, cited in Dziuban, Military Relations Between United States and Canada, 1939-45, p. 120.
25 Msg, CINCLANT to NOB Bermuda, 4 Feb 42, WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
26 Memo, DCofS GHQ, for CG FF, 12 Feb 42, WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
27 Draft Memo, WPD for CofS, (24-25 Feb 42); Memo, CofS, for COMINCH, 11 Feb 42; Memo, WPD for CofS, 23 Feb 42; and Memo, COMINCH for CofS, 25 Feb 42. All in WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
28 Memo, GHQ for CG FF, 30 Jan 42, AGF-McNair file; Memo, GHQ for WPD, 10 Jan 42, WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
29 Memo, WPD for CofS, 6 Feb 42, WPD 4351-8, sec. 2 ; Telg, GHQ to CG US Forces in Iceland, 12 Jan 42. Both in GHQ 381 INDIGO, binder 1. It is of interest to note that the Navy's disapproval was made known to General Marshall by Memo from CNO for CofS, 15 December 1941 (handed to General Marshall by Admiral Stark at the joint Board meeting of 17 December) ; that this Memo was in turn forwarded to GHQ by Memo from WPD on 18 December; and that "information for reply" was forwarded to GHQ by WPD Disposition Form On 4 January 1942. See GHQ 381 INDIGO, binder 1; GHQ-OPD INDIGO "B" ; WPD 4351-8, sec. 2.
30
Notes on Iceland, Lincoln MacVeagh to President Roosevelt, transmitted by Ltr, 20 Feb 42, Roosevelt Papers, FDRL.31 Memo, 'BPD for CofS, 3 Mar 42, WPD 384, Iceland (3-3-42); Administrative History, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, IV, Commandant, NOB Iceland, p. 55.
32 Gen Bonesteel to Gen Marshall, 15 May 42, AG 381 (5-15-42) (3) . The revised local joint plan (short title, ICEJANN) with the various changes and additions is in IBC 381 Local Jt Def Plans, Project ICEJANN.
33 DF, OPD for TAG, 11 Jun 42, with text of reply by Ind to Ltr, Hq IBC to CofS, 16 May 42 ; Memo, OPD for CofS, 11 Jun 42. Both in WDCSA 330.11 Iceland (3 Dec 43) . The memorandum transmitting OPD's recommendation was approved by the Deputy Chief of Staff on 15 June, and the indorsement sent out 16 June.
34 Memo, DCofS for Adm King, 20 Jun 42, and atchd corresp, AG 381 (5-15-42) (3) .
35 On this subject, see WPD 4351, sees. 2, 6; WPD 381 Iceland (2-28-42), case 14; WPD 384 Iceland (3-3-42) ; in addition, the material cited in the immediately preceding pages. See also Conn and Fairchild, Framework of Hemisphere Defense, ch. XIII.
36 Compiled from list of Hostile and Unidentified Aircraft, in Hq IBC, Rcd of Events, Jun 41 Jun 45, IBC 314.7. The number of planes reported on these occasions was listed by General Bonesteel as 13 in July, 31 in August, 38 in September, and 77 in October. Ltr, Gen Bonesteel to Gen Marshall, 31 Oct 42, WDCSA 330.11 Iceland (3 Dec 43) .
37 Morison, Battle of the Atlantic, app. II.
38 USAF, The Antisubmarine Comd, Chart: "Location of Aircraft Attacks on U-Boats, following P. 35.
39 OPD Diary, entries of 1 Apr, 24 Apr, 23 Jun 43 ; Gen Council Min, 26 Apr 43 ; USAF, The Antisubmarine Comd, pp. 151, 154-55; Craven and Cate, eds., Europe: TORCH to POINTBLANK, pp. 392-94.
40 IBC, Narrative Hist; Hq IBC, Rcd of Events, Jun 41-Jun 45, IBC 314.7.
41 OPD Diary, May-Jul 43; Hq, US. Coast Guard, I`Iist Sec, Political Intelligence Div, The Coast Guard at liar: Greenland Patrol, 11, 166-78.
42 Ibid., pp. 178-204.
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