Endnotes for Chapter III

1 The figure of $1,188,000 for the work in Iraq is included in Report of Foreign Manager on Fee Earned, WD Contract DA-W-1098-Eng-109, 20 Mar 43. Head Office, Spencer, White and Prentis, New York (referred to hereafter as SWP Office).

2 War Office Rad, fi Oct 41, quoted Summary and Index, p. 9, American Aid in the ME, 1941 and 1942. MEF.

3 (1) Msg ARMINDIA 18886/Q. (Q. 1), New Delhi to Troopers Mideast, Cairo, 25 Nov 41, App. 12, American Aid in the ME, 1941 and 1942. MEF. (21 Msg 18786/Q, GHQ, India, 24 Nov 41. Iran 5/13, NADER (3) Memo, signed by Capt Paul F. Yount, 24 Nov 41, sub: Rpt on Cons Needs. Iran 2/8, N:1DEF.

4 The contract, DA-W-1098-Eng-109, was approved 18 November 1941 by Under Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson. See Edmund A. Prentis, Progress Review of Construction Work, American Military Mission to Persia, 10 Mar 43; and A. J. Ruge, Project Manager, Report on Iranian Operations, 9 Mar 43. Both filed SWP Office. Information on the overseas operations of the engineer constructor was obtained in interviews with Ruge and Charles H. Sells, Foreign Manager, on 28 October 1944 at the Head Office of Foley Brothers, Inc., Pleasantville, N. Y.; and with Prentis, Lazarus White, C. L. Swenson, and Eugene N. Kortjohn on 19 ctober 1944 at the SWP Office.

5 (1) The so-called New York Letter was issued by the North Atlantic Division engineer under date of 27 November 1941. See Rpt cited n. 1. (2) Ltr, Col Lieber to Folspen, 5 Jan 42. Iran 4/4, NADER (3) After this date the constructor's work was notified to it through five foreign directives dating from 4 to 27 April 1942, and twenty-one change orders with amendments dating from 10 April to 10 December 1942. They may be compared with the summary of work done contained in Information To Be Furnished to the North Atlantic Division for the Purpose of Preparing a Completion Report for Contract DA-W-1098Eng-109, as requested by letter dated 10 May 1943 from the North Atlantic Division and signed by Capt. H. G. Groves. NA 7205 (AMSIR) 13/2, and NA 319.2 (AMSIR) 38/2, NADEF. Another copy PGF 239.

6 (1) List of Officers, North African Mission, 3 Nov 41. Afr.M. 6/6, NADEF. (2) Ltr Contract DA-W-ord-58, dated 24 Jan 42, approved by Secy War 26 Jan 42. J. G. White Engrg Corp DA-W-0098, Contract and General Folder, NYODF (New York Ordnance District Files, New York). See also Chronology of Development of Contract DA-Ward-58. Head Office, J. G. White Engineering Corporation, New York (referred to hereafter as White Office). Background and information supplied in interviews with Lt. Col. Edward Gluck, Contracting Officer's Representative, New York Ordnance District on 16 October 1944; and with E. N. Chilson, Vice President of White, D. M. Crawford, Secretary, and R. W. Gausmann, Engineer, at White Office on 17 October 1944. (3) Memo, Col Miles for CofOrd, 12 Nov 41, sub: Plans by North African Mil Mission for Aid to British Activities in Near East. AG 400.3295 (8-9-41) Sec 6.

7 Ltr, Maj Gen Charles M. Wesson to CofEngrs, 11 Feb 42. J. G. White, Confidential Correspondence 160/DA-0058, NYODF.

8 (1) Revised Plan, J. G. White, 12 Feb 42, initialed by R. W. Gausmann, Actg Gen Mgr, Overseas Div. Col Cluck's file, Routine Correspondence IiI, NYODF. That plan based upon: (2) Memo, Col Miles for Brig Gen James K. Grain, Chief of Field Sery, Ord Dept, 26 Nov 41, sub: Status of Ord Participation in North African and Iran Mil Missions, White Office; and (3) Memo, Col Miles, 28 Nov 41, sub: Recommendations for Contractors for Middle East Activities, quoted Rpt by Paul D. Olejar, 15 Jun 44, sub: Ord Activities in Middle East Missions, pp. 11, 11-a, and n. 16. Hist Sec, Ord Dept, Pentagon.

9 (1) Memo, Overseas Div, J. G. White [n. d.], sub: Confs of 13-15 Jan 42 with Mil Missions Sec, Ex Div, Field Serv, OCofOrd, p. 12. White Office. (2) Interoffice Memo, J. G. White, 2 Feb 42. White Office. (3) Interoffice Memo, 27 Jan 42; and Ltr, Col Lieber to CofEngrs, 27 Dec 41, and Inds, 19 Jan 42 and 20 Feb 42, which noted that a radio from General Wheeler of 13 January 1942 indicated that construction of most installations would be performed by the British, the American engineers to handle the rest. Iran 24/2-A, NADEF. (4) Revised Plan cited n. 8(1).

10 Notes of Conference held at the offices of Johnson, Drake and Piper, Inc., 15 January 1942, presided over by Colonel Miles and attended by representatives of Quartermaster, Ordnance, the North African Military Mission, its engineer contractor, the ordnance contractor, but by no representative of the Iranian Mission, save its acting ordnance officer, Colonel Miles. J. G. White Folder, MEF.

11 See chronology cited note 6(2), and Overseas File, White Office, for this and following dated references unless otherwise noted.

12 Total estimate for all seven Middle East bases was 15,280 employees, of whom 80 percent would be locally hired laborers, Rpt by Overseas Div, J. G. White to WD, OCofOrd, Mar 42. White Office.

13 (1) Rad 496 AMSEG 170, 31 Jan 42. AG 400.3295 ( 8-9-41) Sec 6. ( 2 ) Ltr, Lt Col S. F. Clabaugh, Ord Contracting Off, 18 Feb 42. J. G. White, Confidential Correspondence, 160/DA-0058, RC 24209, NYODF. (3) Ltr, Gin Wesson to J. G. White, 27 Feb 42. White Office.

14 (1) See under date of 12 March 1942. NA 5440 (Iran DO), NADEF. (2) Rad, OCofOrd to Karachi, 27 Mar 42. AG 400.3295 (8-9-41) Sec 4. (3 ) Early in March, Colonel Miles visited General Wheeler, made recommendations for ordnance personnel in Wheeler's area, and received Wheeler's approval of the general ordnance plan providing for a great base at Karachi. This was reported by Colonel Miles to a meeting of General Maxwell's staff on 5 March 1942. Min, Stf Mtg at Cairo, 5 Mar 42. Maxwell Papers (Personal files lent by General Maxwell to the Middle East Section of the Office of the Chief of Military History and returned to him upon his retirement from the Army).

15 Memo, Gen Aurand, Dir, Intn Div, for CofOrd, 6 Apr 42. NA 7205 (Iran DO-2/1), NADEF. Messages concerning erection of shop buildings at Umm Qasr continued to pass between General Somervell's office and the Iranian Mission as late as 21 April. Folder, Umm Qasr Assembly Plant, SL X-11,737.

16 (1) Memo, Gen Wheeler for Bullitt, 7 Jan 42. 323.91 Ports, SL 9008. (2 ) DE File P-9, Ports and Harbor Facilities, NADEF.

17 (1) For an account of the considerations affecting the decision and of requests to the British to facilitate arrangements, see 092.2 Agreement Concerning Use of Abadan Air Field, SL 8978, especially documents dated 29 December 1941 and 13 January 1942 and inclosures. (2) History: United States Military Iranian Mission, 20 Mar 43, prepared for Col Don G. Shingler, Chief of Mission, by 1st Lt Victor E. Dietze, Hist Off. PGF 242. (3) The Karachi motor vehicle assembly plans were abandoned because of Soviet objection to the east Iran delivery route as landing cargoes too far from the battle lines. See radio, Faymonville to Wheeler, 22 January, and reply, Shingler (for Wheeler) to Faymonville, 24 January 1942, stating the Zahidan-Meshed route would not be used for lend-lease deliveries by the Americans. 323.91 Ports, SL 9008.

18 Inclosed in Ltr Gen Wheeler to Gen Moore, 19 Jan 42. WDCSA 381 Egypt (1-19-42). A similar list, but differing in some details, included m Memo, Chief, Home Office, Iranian Mission, for Defense Aid Dir, 23 Jan 42. 320 Mis Br, Into Div, ASF NCF (Army Service Forces Noncurrent Classified Files).

19 The North African Mission people had landed at Massawa, Eritrea, on 2 February. The Basra landing date, because of contradictions in Army radios and reports, is fixed by the personal diary of Arthur W. DuBois, Chief of Party of the Folspen men on the voyage. Mar ,gil the dock area of Basra, was the landing point.

20 (1) Ltr cited n. 5 ( 2 ) . (2 ) Strength figures in available reports for this period are inconsistent. See Chart 2. Those given for Iranian Mission personnel on the Si6oney are from a memorandum from the Chief of Staff prepared for the President, 17 January 1942. AG 400.3295 (8-9-41) Sec 1. Previous to the arrival at Margil there were about 15 officers and 10 enlisted men in the field. Colonel Lieber had arrived at Baghdad on February with Prentis and Sells of Folspen. By late February there were about 26 officers, 2 warrant officers, and 18 enlisted men divided between the mission headquarters at Baghdad, the mission field office at Marine House, Ashar, Basra, and Iranian District engineer's headquarters at Umm Qasr. By 10 April, with the military numbers essentially the same and about equally divided between the mission and the District engineer, the number of civilians at the site of work was 192 with Folspen and 21 on the District engineer's staff. Ltr, Col Shingler to CG, SOS, 10 Apr 42, sub: Status of U.S. Mil Iranian Mission. PGF 26-A. (3) British Rpt, Persian Gulf Ports and Ireland Transport Facilities and Organizations: Report on a Visit to Iraq and Persia, October 5th-November 2d, by R.S. Mactier, Basra, 1 Nov 41. PGF 26-A.(4) Memo, Col Gillies for Gen Wheeler, 17 Feb 42. Folder, Khor Abdullah Survey, SLX-11,737.

21 Charles H. Sells, Report of the Foreign Manager, 10 Mar 43. SWP Office.

22 A memorandum from Colonel Lieber to the Iranian Mission field office, Basra, 16 February 1942, notes that the rail line from Umm Qasr to Rafadiyah Station was to. be built by British troop labor; but Foreign Directive 1 of 4 April to Folspen assigned the work to the American constructors. Unmarked folder, SL X-11,737. For engineer directives to the constructor, see note 5(3).

23 (1) Ltr and Inds cited n. 9(3). Rad AMSIR 10, 21 Jan 42. MID 400.3295, 1-21-42 (1-6-42 ). (3 ) Rad AMSIR BAG 19, 17 Feb 42. AG 400.3295 ( 2-17-42 ) MSC. Another copy NA 2051 (Iran DO) 4/1-S, NADEF. (4) A note of caution had been struck by an American air officer doing preliminary reconnaissance for Air Corps proposed installations in the Basra area. He is quoted in a quartermaster memorandum of 15 November 1941 as saying, "There are no adequate living quarters at Basra worth mentioning and the Air Corps figures on going into this area 100 per cent independent." The memorandum suggests "that we depend on the British for nothing, despite any assurances to the contrary." Iran 43/3, NADEF.

24 Interv with Col Lieber, Pentagon, 10 Feb 49.

25 Ibid.

26 Ltr, Col Lieber to Engr, NAD, 28 Mar 42. NA 2144 (Iran DO) I-A, NADEF.

27 Ltr cited n. 20 (2 ) .

28 (1) Received at the site 5 April, the radio, No. 57, Somervell to Shingler, was dated 4 April 1942. PGF 259. Another copy 323.61 Establishment of Military Districts, Border 1, SL 9008. (2) Other documents basic to the account of the suspension at Umm Qasr: RAD 2.8, Gen George C. Marshall to Lt Gen Joseph W. Stilwell and Gen Wheeler, 3 Apr 42. PGF 259. Rad, Lt Col Maxwell W. Tracy, Chief, Home Office, Iranian Mission, to Col Shingler, 10 Apr 42. AG 323.61, Hq PGC (AG decimal files seen at Headquarters, Persian Gulf Command, Tehran, now filed at the Kansas City Records Center, AGO, Kansas City, Mo.). Ltr, Hq, Tenth Army to GHQ, MEF, 17 Apr 42. PGF 26-A. ( 3 ) Other dates in text are from Progress Review cited in n. 4. (4) Incidental information on the suspension supplied by interviews already cited:

29 Report to Congress on Lend-Lease Operations for Year Ended March 11, 1942, p. 30.

30 (1) Rad AMSIR WASH 96, Somervell to Shingler, 10 Apr 42. 323.91 Ports, SL 9008. ( 2 ) Some weeks before the stop order was received at Umm Q,asr, Colonel Shingler, anticipating that general planning for militarization later in the year would require greatly increased housing, requested and received from General Wheeler authority to proceed to housing construction on the assumption that this sort of project lay beyond the scope of British construction commitments. Memo, Shingler for Wheeler, 21 Mar 42. 323.61 Establishment of Military Districts, Binder 1, SL 9008.

31 Moved to Basra, 15 Mar 42. Memo, Col Shingler for Q-1, Hq, Tenth Army, Baghdad. File, Iranian Mission, SL X-11,737.

32 (1) Memo for CofS, 18 Oct 41, points 4, 5. Filed, with other documents alluded to, AG 400.3295 (8-9-41) Sec 8. (2) Msg cited n. 3 (2) .

33 Rad AMSIR BAG 120, Gen Marshall to Gen Wheeler, 28 Feb 42. AG 381 (2-24-42) (2).

34 Rad AMSIR 61, 7 Mar 42. AG 400.3295 ( 8-9-41) Sec 4.

35 (1) Rads, 4, 3 Apr cited n. 28 (1), ( 2 ) . ( 2 ) Control of the War Department's Overseas lend-lease missions passed, in the reorganization of March 1942, to Operations Division; but OPD agreed on 29 March to its being taken over by SOS. Memo, Maj Gen Dwight D. Eisenhower to Somervell, 29 Mar 42, sub: Contl of Missions. OPD 210.684, 3. Effective 1 April, the Secretary of War transferred all such missions from OPD to SOS. On 9 April they were officially assigned to International Division (General Aurand, Director), formerly the Defense Aid Division, with the intention of combining all the separate home offices of missions into a single Missions Branch. Rpt by Home Office, U.S. Mil Mission to USSR, for period 5-25 Apr 42, SL X-11,737.