Reorganization Plan No. 6 of
1953 Message From the President of the United States . . . , 30
Apr
53. The plan was submitted under the Reorganization Act of 20 June 1949
which provided that unless Congress disapproved or amended the proposal it
would become law after thirty days.
6 Department of the Army,
Organization of the Army, Report of the Advisory Committee on Army
Organization, 18 December 1953. Hereafter cited as the Davies Committee
Report. Exhibit C, Charter for the Advisory Committee on Army
Organization,
18 Aug 53.
7 Ibid.,
pp. 9-16.
8 Ibid., pp. 10-11, 18-25.
9
Ibid.,
pp. 11-12, 35-39.
10 Ibid.,
pp. 12, 33-34, 51.
11 Ibid., pp. 13,
39-42.
12 Ibid., pp. 13-14, 45-47, 53-55.
13 Ibid., pp. 13,
49-52.
14
Ibid.,
pp. 14, 56-63.
15 (1)
Ibid., pp. 14, 52-53. (2)
See pages 263-70, below,
for a more detailed treatment of the subject.
16 (1) Davies Committee Report, pp. 15, 68-69. (2)
See Chapter VII, pages 272-85, for a
more detailed treatment of Army financial management.
17 Memo for Record, General
Palmer, 12 Jun 53, sub: Authority of G-4 to Command Technical Services. Tab 13,
Events Leading to the Reorganization of the Army, 1954.
18 1bid., Tab 14. Extract
from Gr4 Briefing of General Ridgway, New Chief of Staff, by Lt Gen W.
B. Palmer, 19 Aug 53.
19 Ibid., Tab 15, Memo, Maj Gen
Carter B. Magruder, Deputy ACofS, G-4, for the Comptroller of the Army,
31 Aug 53, sub: Logistic Structure at Departmental Level.
20
Ibid., Tab 16, Memo, General Palmer for Maj Gen R. N.
Young, Assistant
Chief of Staff, G-1, 16 Oct 53, sub: Additional Services to be
Performed by G-1.
21 Ibid., Tab 17, Memo, General Palmer for
General Bolt, c. mid-October 1953.
22 Ibid., Tab 20, Memo,
General Palmer for the Comptroller of the Army, 12 Feb 54, sub: Report of the Advisory Committee on Army Organization.
23 Ibid., Tab
21, Memo for Record, General Palmer, 28 Apr 54, sub: Statement by General
Palmer on Transfer, Reorganization and Redesignation of Career Management
Division, TAGO.
24 Ibid., Tab 7.
25 The Slezak Plan, pp. 2, 5-6,
12-14.
26
Ibid., Tab
9, Memos for Record on Third to Eighteenth Meetings of the Ad Hoc
Committee to implement the Reorganization of the Army, 19 Jul-29 Sep 54.
27 Ibid., Tab 11.
28 Ltr, McKinsey and Company to
Hon. Charles C. Finucane, Under Secretary of the Army, 31 Mar 55,
contained in McKinsey and Company, Evaluation of Organizational
Responsibilities, Department of the Army, Mar 55, vol. Il. OSD Project 80
(Army) files, OCMH. For McKinsey and Company views on CONARC, see pp.
267-68 below.
29 Ibid., Working Papers,
Study Group D, OSD Project 80 (Army) files, Prior Studies of Army
Organization, sec. 5, Summary of McKinsey and Company Report.
30 McKinsey and Company,
Evaluation of Organizational Responsibilities, Department of the Army,
vol. II, pp. 2-16, 20-36.
31
Karl
R. Bendetsen, A Plan for Army Organization in Peace and War, I Jun 55.
Group B, OSD Project 80 (Army) files.
32 (1) Path of Progress, U.S.
Army R&D Organizational Changes, pamphlet prepared by OCRD, 1960,
pp. 4-7. (2) General Williston B. Palmer, "The General Staff, U.S.
Army," Armed Forces Management, vol. IV, No. 1, Oct 57, p.
12. For further discussion of research and development problems, see pp.
242-58 below.
33 General Order 70, 27 Dec 55,
and Change 13 to Special Regulation 10-5-1, 27 Dec 55. "General
Staff supervision" is a nebulous term. Under it, for instance, the
Chief of Military History, if necessary, could go directly to the Chief
of Staff. The use of this term seems meant to give the impression that
fewer agencies are reporting to the Chief of Staff.
34 (1) "Office of the Chief
of Staff," Armed Forces Management, vol. IV, No. 1, Oct 57,
pp. 19-20. (2) Chief of Staff Regulation 10-1, 3 Jan 56.
35 (1) Armed Forces
Management, vol. IV, No. 1, Oct 57, pp. 19-20. (2) OCMH Study,
Effect of Post-War Attitudes on Army Posture and Programs-An Historical
Summary, Oct 70, pp. 14-20.
36 (1) The Organization,
Development, and Growth of the Office of the Secretariat of the General
Staff From 1939 to the Present (June 1963) , OCMH Monograph, Jul 63. (2)
In late 1956 the Army staff was officially redefined to include the
offices of the chiefs of the technical services, thus increasing the
size of the Army staff on paper. Department of the Army General Order
59, 31 December 1956, Designation of the Tables of Distribution of Units
of the Army Staff.
37 L. Van Loan Naisawald, OCRD, The History of Army R&D Organization and Programs, pt. 1,
Organization-The Formative Years, 1960. Draft manuscript in OCMH files.
Hereafter cited as Naisawald, Army R&D History.
38 War Department Equipment Board
(Stilwell Board) Report, 29 May 46, as modified and approved by the Chief
of Staff, 22 May 46, pp. 3-4. OCMH files.
39 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 18-21.
40 Ibid.,
pp. 28-24.
41 Lynn H. Rumbaugh, A Look at
U.S. Army Operations Research-Past and Present, Research Analysis
Corporation, Apr 64, p. 6. OCMH files.
42 Vannevar Bush, Modern
Arms and Free Men (New York: Simon and Shuster, 1949) , p. 106.
43 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 27-28.
44 Ibid., pp. 29-30.
45
Ibid.,
pp. 34-37.
46
Ibid.,
pp. 37-39.
47 Ibid.,
pp. 89-44.
48 (1) Ibid., pp. 44-58. (2) Department
of the Army General Order 4, 11 Jan 52.
49 (1) Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 58-59. (2) Rumbaugh, Army Operations Research, p. 8.
50 Secretary of the Army's Report in Department of Defense, Semiannual
Report of the Secretary of Defense, 1 January-30 June 1952 (Washington,
1952) , p. 85.
51 Ibid., p. 85.
52 Lt. Gen. James M. Gavin, War
and Peace in the Space Age (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1958) , p.
132. General Gavin as Director of the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group, an
operations research organization under the Office, Secretary of Defense,
accompanied the scientists on their Korean investigation.
53 (1)
Ibid., pp. 132-35. (2)
On the Combat
Developments Group, see pages 258-62 below.
54 (1) See pages 228-32 above.
(2)
Naisawald, Army R&D History, pp. 71-74.
55 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 77-78.
56 Ibid., pp. 79-82.
57 Ltr, Dr. James R.
Killian to Secretary Stevens, 23 Jul 54. CS/USA 320/1-3, 1954, NARS.
58 Memo, Lt Gen L. Lemnitzer, DC/S, P&R, for Mr. Roderick, AS/A
(FM), 21 Jul 54. In CS/USA 320/1-3, 1954.
59 Naisawald, Army R&D History, p. 91.
60 Ibid., p.
90.
61 U.S. 83d Cong., 2d sess.,
House Report 2618, Organization and Administration of the Military
Research and Development Programs, Twenty-Fourth Intermediate Report of
the Committee on Government Operations, 4 Aug 54 (Washington, 1954)
, pp. 3-5.
62 Ibid., p. 46.
63 (1) Ibid., pp. 11-16. (2) Naisawald, Army R&D History, pp. 95a-95d.
64 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 95e-102.
65 (1) Ibid., pp. 103, 104,
104a-104c. (2) Department of the Army General Order 88, 22 Dec 54.
66 (1) Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 104d, 105-10. (2) Department of the Army General Orders 57, 6
Oct 55, and 64, 3 Nov 55.
67 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, p. 111.
68 (1) Copy of Ltr, Richard S.
Morse to S/A, 31 Oct 58, and inclosure, Recommendations to Reduce Army
R&D Time Cycles, ASAP Meeting, Colorado Springs, 27-28 Oct 58. (2)
Transcription of speech of Brig Gen Charles A. Duff, OCA, 10 Dec 58, in
Record of Research and Development Lead Time Symposium, 9-10 Dec 58,
OCRD, p. 88. Both in OCRD Summary of Major Events and Problems, Fiscal
Year 1959, pt. 11. (3) Naisawald, Army R&D History, p. 113.
69 OCofT, Summary of Major Events
and Problems, 1 Jul 59 to 30 Jun 60, May 61, pp. 103-14. The LARC was
chosen because the Ordnance's version sank in trials.
70 OCRD Summary of
Major Events and Problems, Fiscal Year 1959, pp. 275-77.
71 Naisawald, Army R&D
History, pp. 114-17.
72 1bid., pp. 116-21.
73
Ibid., pp. 121-24.
74 Ibid.,
pp. 125-29.
75 Ibid.,
pp. 129-31.
76
Ibid.,
pp. 131-40 .
77 (1) See pages 248-49 above.
(2) Gavin, War
and Peace in the Space Age,
pp. 129-32.
78 (1) Gavin, War and
Peace in the Space Age, p. 132. (2) Marshall D. Moody, The
Transportation Corps Combat Developments Program:1ts Origin and Status,
OCofT,30 Apr 58, pp. 1-4. (3) Historical Branch, Deputy
Chief of Staff for Unit Training and Readiness, Headquarters, U.S.
Continental Army Command, Historical Background of USCONARC
Participation in Combat Development and Materiel Development Activities,
Dec 63, p. 3. Hereafter cited as CONARC Combat and Materiel Development
History.
79 CONARC Combat and Materiel
Development History, pp. 4-5.
80 Ibid., pp. 1-3, 8, 46-49.
81
Ibid.,
pp. 7-10.
82 (1) Ibid., pp. 12-14. (2) Moody,
TC Combat Developments History, pp. 4-7.
83 CONARC Combat and Materiel
Development History, pp. 14-15,
51-52.
84 Ibid.,
pp. 50-54.
85 Tab B: Program and Review,
Semiannual Report for USCONARC Summary, Combat Developments Section,1
Jul-31 Dec 59, pp. 10-14.
86 (1) See Chapter V, above, pages 171-74. (2) Management Division, Headquarters, First Army, First Army
Survey Appraisal of Relationships Now Established by Special Regulation
10-500-1, c. Oct 53, pp. 1-4, and Annex, pp. 1-6. In OCMH files. Hereafter
cited as First Army Survey.
87 T First Army Survey, p. 4.
88 Ibid., Tab
H, pp. 1-4.
89 Ibid., Tab 1, pp. 1-19,
and Main Report, pp. 6-8.
90 Davies Committee Report, pp.
39-41.
91 Summary of Major Events and Problems, Office, Chief of Army Field
Forces, 1 Jul 54-31 Jan 55, and 1 Feb-30 Jun 55, pt. I, Introductory
Narrative, pp. 1-2.
92 Ibid., pp. 3-10.
93 (1) Expansion of the
United States Continental Army Command Mission-1, General Concept of
CONARC Mission. Summary of Major Events and Problems, Headquarters, U.S.
Continental Army Command, 1 Jul 56-30 Jun 57, p. 1. Hereafter cited as
CONARC Annual Summary, FY 1957. (2) McKinsey Report, pt. II, pp. 3-1-3-3.
94 McKinsey Report, pp. 3-110-3-22.
95 (1) CONARC Annual Summary, FY
1957, pp. 1-11. (2) Introductory Narrative, Summary of Major Events and
Problems, Headquarters, U.S. Continental Army Command, Fiscal Year 1960,
p. 1. (3) Ibid., 1961, p.
3.