Endnotes for Chapter II

1 (1) Ltr; SW to Chinn, House Coin on Mil Affairs 24 Dec 41. AG 291.9 WAAC sec 1 pt 1. (2) Memo, ASW for Hilldring, 21 Dec 41. G-1/15839-10. (3) Interv with Maj Gen John H. Hilldring, 17 Jan 46. Confirmed by interv with Mrs. Rogers, 14. Dec 45, and by First Draft Narrative, U.S. Naval Administration in World War II: Bureau of Naval Personnel, Women's Reserve, 18 January 1946. Dir of Naval History. (Hereafter cited as WAVES Hist.)

2 Interv with Gen Hilldring cited n. 1(3).

3 All refs to com hearings are from: (1) House Corn on Mil Affairs, 77th Cone, 2d sess, Hearings on HR 6293, 20-21 Jan 42; (2) House Rpt 1705, 77th Long, 2d sess. 28 Jan 42; (3) Senate Corn on Mil Affairs, 77th Cong, 2d sess. Hearings on S 2240, 6 Feb 42; (4) Senate Rpt 1051, Calendar 1086, 77th Cong, 2d sets, 9 Feb 42.

4 Intervs cited n. 1(3); also Memos, Chief, Budget and Leg Plng Br, for Secy, WDGS: (1) 11 Feb 42, sub: HR 6293: (2) 19 Feb 42, sub: WAAC; (3) 26 Feb 42, sub: Leg Proceedings. G-l/15839-10 (7-8-42).

5 All from Congressional Record, Vol. 88. No. 55, 17 Mar 42.

6 House Rpt cited n. 3(2).

7 (1) Ltr, Col Mudgett to Miss Faustine Dennis, 11 Feb 42; (2) Ltr Orders, AG 210, G-1 Gen Stf (1-13-42). Both in Col Mudgett's Staybacks, 1942 WAAC files. (Hereafter cited as Mudgett Staybacks.) (3) Interv with Lt Col Harold P. Tasker, 20 Nov 42.

8 Personnel Abstracts. WAC files. OCMH.

9 He later noted, "As I look tack, I would have given a great deal to have had access to the background material that you [Military History] have collected . . . . The widely scattered data were apparently on file, but unfortunately . . . not made available to me." Ltr, Mudgett to author. 19 Aug 49. OCMH.

10 Pencil note. Swift to Mudgett. WA 600.9 (1-20-42), 1942 WAAC files.

11 All statements unless otherwise specified are from Mudgett Staybacks. Original topics of most documents are in G-1/15839-10. See references to specific documents in following pages.

12 (1) Memo, G-l for Dir of Pers, 28 Jan 42. G-1/15839-10. (2) Interv With Mrs. Marjorie Fling Onthank, 16 Jan 46.

13 Memos, G-1 for [each office], 4 Feb 42 sub: WAAC. G-1/15839. Replies art in G-1/15839-10 (7-8-42).

14 D/F. G-1 to TAG, 5 Feb 42, sub: WAAC. G-1/15839-10. Branches included were Infantry, Cavalry, Field Artillery, Coast Artillery, Engineers, Air Corps, Armored Forces, Quartermaster Corps, and Medical Department.

15 Tally of replies is preserved in Folder U, (Utilization), Col Talker's files, in 1942 WAAC files. (Hereafter cited at Talker files.)

16 (1) Memo, Preplanner for Col Oscar B. Abbott, 6 Feb 42; (2) Memo. Preplanner for Maj Gen James A. Ulio, 11 Feb 42; (3) Memo, Preplanner for Lt Col Lester D. Flory, G-4, 11 Feb 42; (4) Memo, Preplanner for Col Harry D. Offutt, SGO, 13 Feb 42; (5) M/R. Conf with Col Harold N. Gilbert, AGO, 13 Feb 42; ( 6) Memo for Col Abbott. 19 Feb 42. All in Mudgett personal or stayback files, 1942 WAAC files.

17 (1) Quotation from Memo for Col Flory, G-4. 11 Feb 42. Mudgett Staybacks. (2) Memo. Preplanner for Dir WAAC, 23 Feb 42. 1942 WAAC file, unnumbered. (3) Memo, CofS for G-1, 26 Feb 42. CofS/ 19481-60.

18 Earlier draft of Memo cited n. 17(2).

19 Ltr, Hilldring to Maj Gen Orlando Ward, Chief, Mil Hist, 5 Jan 51. OCMH.

20 (1) Memo, G-1 for CofS, 3 Feb 42, sub: Dir WAAC. G-1/15838. Three lists are Tables A, B, and C. (2) Ltr, Col Mudgett to author, 19 Aug 48. OCMH.

21 Memo, Chief. Misc Div G-1, for Gen Hilldring, 29 Jan 42. sub: Suggested Candidates for Position of Dir WAAC. Mudgett Staybacks.

22 Memo, CofS for SW', 18 Mar 42, sub: Chief of WAAC. WDCSA 291.9 (3-18 42).

23 Interv with Mrs. Hobby, 29 Jun 48. Also see Ch. XXXV, below.

24 Ltrs. G-1/15839-10 (1942).

25 Memo cited n. 20(1).

26 Memo cited n. 22.

27 Intervs with members of the group: Mrs. Hobby, Mrs. Woods, Mrs. Fling, Mrs. Genevieve Forbes Herrick.

28 Lts. Charles L. Fleming and Henry Lee Munson.

29 Interv with Col Talker, 20 Nov 45.

30 Lt. William W. Foulkes.

31 Intervs with Mrs. Herrick, 9 Jan 46, and with Mrs. Woods, 14 Dec 45.

32 (1) Interv cited n. 29, and from study of whole series of documents and orders cited. (2) Min, Gen Council, 4 May 42.

33 1st Ind, Dir Tng SOS to WAAC Preplanners, 25 Apr 42, to Memo, Preplanners for Dir Tng SOS. 15 Apr 42, sub: Preliminary OCS. SPTRS 353 WAAC (4-15-42).

34 Unless otherwise indicated this section is based upon, and quotations are from: (1) Report of the Committee an Amenities and Welfare Conditions in the Three Women's Services, Presented to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, August, 1942, (London: HM Stationery Office, 1942) Hereafter cited as Conditions in the Three Women's Services. Copy in 1942 WAAC files. (2) Wadge, Women in Uniform.

35 Interv cited n. 29.

36 Ibid.

37 Interv with hors. Ropers cited n. 1(3).

38 See text below for full discussion of War Department and other views in May committee hearings.

39 See later chapters for discussion.

40 (1) Interv cited n. 29. (2) Conditions in the Three Women's Services. (3) Memo, G-1 for CofS, 22 Mar 42. G-1/15839, in CofS 291.9.

41 (1) Ltr, TAG to all Corps Auras, 16 Mar 42. AG 291.9 (3-16-42) E-R. (2) Memos, SOS for TAG, 17 Mar 42. G-1/15839-10. (3) Rough notes of conf of psychiatrists. 1942 WAAC files, unnumbered. (4) Interv cited n. 29. (5) Sec Ch. III, below.

42 Congressional Record, Vol. 88, No. 55, p. 2657, 17 Mar 42.

43 Ltrs of application. 1942 WAAC files, unnumbered.

44 Congressional Record, Vol. 88, No. 53, pp. 1078-81, Mar 42.

45 Memo, Preplanners for TAG, 31 Mar 42, sub: Acknowledgment Cards for WAAC Applicants. Mudgett Staybacks.

46 (1) Me mo, G-3 for CofS. 19 Apr 42. WDGCT 291.9 (4-15-42). Copy in Cots 291.9. (2) Memo, G-1 for G-4, 7 Mar 42. G-1/1839-10. (3) D/F, Pers Div SOS to CofEngrs, 11 Mar 42. Same file. (4) Memo, Pers Div SOS for CofS, 13 Mar 42. Same file. (5) Memo, SOS for TAG, 28 Mar 42. Mudgett Staybacks. (6) Corps areas became service commands in the reorganization of 1942.

47 (1) personal 1tr. Talker to Lt C. M. Carr, Cooks and Bakers School. Ft Meade, Md., 21 Mar 42. Col Tasker's personal file, 1942 WAAC tiles. (2) M/R 9 Apr 42, sub: Inspection of Available Sites. WA 600.9 (4-9- 42). (3) M/R, 11 Apt 42, sub: Facilities. WA 600.9.

48 Memo, G-1 for CofS, 22 Apr 42. G-1/15839. Colonel Mudgett successfully persuaded Des Moines newspapermen to ignore the conversion of stables to barracks for fear of the possible effect upon recruiting.

49 Memo, G-1 for CofS, 13 May 42, sub: Estab of WAAC Tng Cen at Ft Des Moines, Iowa. WDGAP 352.01 WAAC. Approved by DCofS, l5 May 42.

50 Personnel Abstracts, WAC file, OCMH.

51 All references to WAAC clothing and equipment, unless otherwise noted, are from Erna Risch. A Wardrobe for the Worrier of the Army (QMC Historical Studies 12, October 1945).

52 Ibid., Chs. II and III.

53 All from: (1) Memo, OQMG for G-1, 3 Jun 42. SPQRR 421. Copy in SPWA 421. (2) Memo, Dir WAAC for OQMG, 5 Jun 42. SPWA 400.34 (3-21-42) (1) sec 1 (1943). (3) Memo, Lt. w: W Foulkes for Dir WAAC, 20jun 42. Same file. (4) Memo. OQMG for USW, 16 Sep 42. Folder, WAC Recruiting, ASF Sp Coll DRB AGO.

54 Personal ltr Brig Gen Clarence Weems to Field Artillery Journal, January 1943. 1942 WAAC: files WA 600.9.

55 Memo, Dir Mil Pers SOS for G-1, 23 May 42. G-1/15839-10, in SPWA 421 (5-16-42) sec 1.

56 (1) Ltr, Mudgett to author, 19 Aug 48. OCMH. (2) T/O 35-37, WAAC Filter Co, AWS, 4 Jul 42; T/O 35-67, WAAC Opns Co, AWS, Regional, 4 Ju1 42; and T/O 35-12. WAAC Post Hq Go, 26 Aug 42. The Clerical Platoon had 10 stenographers, 30 typists, 15 postal clerks, etc.; the Communications Platoon included 18 switchboard operators; Service included 16 chauffers; Machine Records had various machine operators; Miscellaneous had housekeepers, motion picture projectionists. etc. For later modifications, see M/T 35-2018, 14 Dec 42, WAAC Post Hq Co; M/T 35-2026, 26 Nov 42, WAAC Bn; M/T 35-2137, WMC Photo Lab Co, Aerial; M/T 35-2022. 26 Nov 42, and change 1, 9 Jan 43, WAAC Hq Co; M/T 35-2122, 10 Dec 42, WAAC Post Hq Co, AAF (3) D/F, G-3 to CG SOS, 11 Apr 42. WDGCT 291.9 (4-11-42). (4) D/F, G-1 to TAG, 6 May 42. WDGAP 320 WAAC.

57 Speech to Meeting of Classification Offs. Min in SPWA 201.6 (9-18-43).

58 Interv cited n. 35.

59 WAAC Regulations (Tentative), 1942.

60 These principles were incorporated in all subsequent WAAC Regulations. First ref to them seems to be Memo, Tasker for Dir WAAC, 21 May 42. Tasker Staybacks.

61 (1) Senate Com on Mil Affairs, 77th Long, 2d sess, Hearings on HR 6293, 1 and 4 May 42. (2) Congressional Record; Vol. 88, No. 81, p. 3821.

62 Memo, G-3 for G-1, atchd to Memo, G-1 for Mil Pers Div SOS. G-3, G-4. WAAC, TAG, CofFin, JAG, SG, 29 Apr 42. WDGAP 320 WAAC (4-29-42).

63 Memo, SigC for Dir Pers SOS, 4 Jun 42. G-1/15839-10 (7-8-42) WAAC. (2) Memo cited n. 60.

64 Ibid. (1) M/R, sub: Conf Concerning WAAC Admin, 24 Jun 42. Col Tasker's file of rough drafts, under "WAAC Hqs Org," 1942. (2) Memo, AG WAAC for CofAdm Serv SOS, 27 Jun 42. WA 210.31 (6-4-42).

65 Memo, Preplanners for CofS, 3 Apr 42, sub: Responsibility for Opn of WAAC. G-1/15839-10.

66 Memo, Dir Mil Pers SOS for G-1, 20 Apr 42, sub: Amendment to HR 6293. G-1/1839-10 WAAC (7-8-42).

67 (1) The nine: G-3, G-4, TAG, JAG. SGO, Fin, Mil Pers Div SOS, G-1, SW See D/F. G-1 to [above], 20 Apr 42. Copy in Mudgett Staybacks. (2) The fourteen: G-4, Budget anti Leg Ping Far. Fin, JAG Req Div SOS, SGO, CofAdm Serv SOS. Tng Div SOS, TAG Enl Br, TAG, G-3, G-1. OQMG. Sec Memo for each, 24 Apr 42. G-1/15839-10. (3) Memo. JAG for Dir Pers SOS, 5 May 42. SPJGA 354.01.

68 (1) D/F, G-1, 27 Apr 42, sub: Voluntary Registration of Woman. G-1/15839-27; (2) Ltr, SW to Dir SS, 27 Ape 42, and reply. SS to SW, 8 May 42. G-1/15839-1 (5-11-42).


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