Endnotes for Chapter XVIII

1 This statement was made by General Buckner at a staff meeting at Tenth Army headquarters. See Colonel Stevens' Diary for 15 Jun 45.

2 Enemy casualty figures listed in Par. 3, G-2 Periodic Rpt No. 68, 2 Jun 45, and No. 81, 15 Jun 45. Because of the exaggerated figures on enemy casualties, only the killed who were actually counted are considered in this estimate.

3 Actn Rpt, 713th Tank Bn, Armored Flame Thrower, Prov, pp. 23-29. 

4 The action on the Big Apple is described in Mulford and Rogers, 96th Div History, pp. 213-24.

5 This information was obtained from Capt Howard Moss, Language Officer with the 7th Division. After the end of the fighting, Captain Moss and members of his, team induced several hundred Japanese soldiers to surrender and from them he obtained information as to the disposition of enemy forces. On 29 August 1945, Col Kikuji Hongo, commander of the Japanese 32d Regiment, surrendered between 400 and 450 men to Captain Moss. Hongo explained that these men, disorganized by the battle for Kunishi Ridge, had hidden in the caves on Kunishi until induced to surrender.

6 Tama Opnl Ord A-91, G-2 Periodic Rpt No. 79, Hq 7th Inf Div, 18 Jun 45, Incl No. 4, p. 18.

7 Applernan, XXIV Corps History, pp. 587-90; Gugeler, 7th Div History, pp. 500-01. 

8 Appleman, XXIV Corps History, pp. 596-97; III Amph Corps G-3 Periodic Rpts Nos. 79-82, 18-21 Jun 45.

9 See casualty reports in Tenth Army G-3 Jnl for period 22 May-21 Jun 45. 

10 III Amph Corps G-3 Periodic Rpt No. 76, 16 Jun 45. 

11 Appleman, XXIV Corps History, pp. 584-85.

12 Mulford and Rogers, 96th Div History, Pt. IV, p. 257. 

13 Transl No. 47, Incl No. 4 to G-2 Periodic Rpt No. 79, Hq 7th Inf Div, 18 Jun 45. 

14 Appleman, XXIV Corps History, pp. 572-74.

15 Ibid., pp. 526-27.

16 G-2 Periodic Rpts, Tenth Army and Its Units, 10-20 Jun 45.

17 Joint Intelligence Center, POA Commandant Navy 128, Report on Psychological Warfare Activities Okinawa Operation, 15 Sep 45.

18 Appleman, XXIV Corps History, p. 558.

19 Gugeler, 7th Div History, PP. 483-84. 

20 See Tenth Army G-2 Periodic Rpts for the period. 

21 Ibid.

22 Gugeler, 7th Div History, p. 488; Appleman, XXIV Corps History, p. 574. 

23 Gugeler, 7th Div History, pp. 501-02. 

24 Ibid., p. 503; Tenth Army Actn Rpt, 11-II-22.

25 Appleman, XXIV Corps History, pp. 595-96; Mulford and Rogers, 96th Div History, pp. 251, 259, 265, 269; Gugeler, 7th Div History, pp. 482-86.

26 Tenth Army Mil Govt Opus Rpt Ryukyus Area, r Aug 45, App. V, Pt. IV: Table of Population Changes. The estimate of the number of civilians wounded during the last few days of the campaign is that of Capt. Russell Gugeler, 7th Div Hist Off. See also XXIV Corps Actn Rpt, pp. 97-99.

27 Gugeler, 7th Div History, pp. 494-95.

28 Interrog Shimada; see also Appleman, XXIV Corps History, p. 611.

29 Gugeler, 7th Div History, pp. 496-98. 

30 Okinawa Diary kept by Stevens and Burns, 22 Jun 45. 

31 Tenth Army Opus Ord 15-45, 19 Jun 45; Actn Rpt, 7-III-34, 35.

32 Tenth Army Actn Rpt, 7-III-34, 35; G-1 Casualty Rpts,23-30 Jun 45, in G-3 Jul, 23-30 Jun 45.

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