Endnotes for Chapter XI
1 Unless otherwise indicated, the first two sections derive from the following sources. These provide materials for more detailed study than is possible in this book: (1) Chart 1. (2) Organization Charts for PGSC and PGC: (a) As recommended in SOS Plan, sec. III, par. 9, and Incl V, PGF 235; (b) Tentative, approved 30 Nov 42, 323.61 Establishment of Military Districts, Binder 2, SL 9008; (c) Mar and Jul 43, in Organization Manuals of those dates, PGF 240; (d) 7 Nov 43, 384, Special Questionnaire from Gen Somervell, SL 9016, another copy PGF 240; (e) Oct 44, PGF 240; (f) Proposed, 12 Dec 44, 323.361 Powers and Duties, SL 9008; (g) 1 Feb 45, filed as in (e) ; (h) Mar 45, PGF 240- (i) Basra Dist and Ports Serv, 2 Jan 43, PGF 240. (3) Organization Manuals for the Comd, for 43 and 44, PGF 240; and for certain stf dies and operating servs, PGF 122. (4) The separate files of each general staff division and headquarters for each operating service, district service command, camp, post, and station, formerly at St. Louis, now filed at the Kansas City Records Center. (5) Rosters to February 1943, and records of unit activations, arrivals, and assignments to 20 July 1944. PGF 245 and 259. (6) Files of General and Special Orders, located as in (4). (7) Detailed Studies in HOTI: (a) Pt. I, Chs. 1-5, Administration, by George B. Zeigler and (Ch. 5 only) Wallace P. Rusterholtz, with Annex, Analysis of the PGCS Districts, by Victor H. Pentlarge, Jr; (b) Pt. I, Ch. 6, History of the Office of Technical Information, Pt. I, Chs. 9, sec. 1, and 10, History of the Supply and the Fiscal Division, and Pt. III, History of Construction, by Pentlarge; (c) History of Civilian Personnel Branch Activities, Administration Division, by Col Richard W. Cooper; (d) Pt. I, Ch.8, secs. 1,3,4, and 5, History of Control, Movements, Documentation, and Plants Branches , Operations Division, and Pt. I, Ch. 11, History of the Foreign Claims Commission, Administration Division, by Laurence P. Corbett. PGF.
2 History: United States Military Iranian Mission, 20 Mar 43, prepared for Col Don G. Shingler, Chief of Mission, by 1st Lt Victor E. Dietze, Hist Off, pp. 55, 65-66. PGF 242. ( 2 ) Monthly Rpt of Activities of PGSC, Oct 42, to CG, PGSC, 5 Nov 42. PGF 259. (3) Memo, Hq, PGSC, 15 Jan 43, sub: Rpt of S-2 Activities Aboard Transport 441. PGF 242. (4) GO 3, Hq, PGSC, 20 Oct 42. (5) Memo, Hq, PGSC, 6 Jul 43, sub: Movement of GHQ Equipment and Personnel to Amirabad. PGF 259. (6) Troop shipments were planned for five shiploads to sail between October 1942 and March 1943. Memo, Lt Col N. M. Martin for Connolly, 21 Dec 42. PGF 225. (7) GO 43, Hq, PGSC, 14 Jul 43.
3 (1) Rad AMSME 1787, Marshall to Connolly, through CG, USAFIME, 13 Nov 42. 323.35 IIq PGSC (1 Jan-31 Jul 43 ), SL 9008. Abstract, 14 Nov 42, PGF 259. ( 2 ) Gen Connolly's Ltr of Instructions, 1 Oct 42. 322.361 General Connolly's Letter of Instructions with Amendments, SL 9008.
4 (1) GO 11, Hq, PGSC, 17 Dec 42. ( 2 ) GO 7, Hq, PGSC, 25 Nov 42. ( 3 ) Interv, Gen Booth with Victor Pentlarge, Pentagon, 11 Apr 46. (4) Memo, Booth for Scott, 26 Nov 42. 326.61 Establishment of Military Districts, Binder 2, SL 9008. (5) By General Order 7, confirming General Order 2 and General Order 3, Headquarters 1616-A, Washington, the following were appointed directors of the divisions and services indicated, effective on arrival in the command: Col. Arthur C. Purvis, Administration; Lt. Col. George B. Buell, Jr., Personnel; Col. Robert H. Givens, Jr., Intelligence; Lt. Col. Byron E. Bushnell, Plans and Training; Colonel Graham, Operations and Supply; Colonel Martin, Control; Maj. Victor E. Maston, Movements; Colonel Yount, Railway Service; Colonel Booth, Ports Service; Col. Mark V. Brunson, Motor Transport Service; Colonel Osborne, Construction Service; and Lt. Col. Samuel M. Thomas, Signal Communication Service. Subordinate appointments to four services and two divisions were made by Special Order 80, Headquarters, PGSC, 25 November 1942.
7 The following material on capacity and target meetings is paraphrased from the ontrol Pranch History cited note 1(7d).
8 From 1 November 1942 the Russians maintained at Tehran a representative of the Peoples' Commissariats of Internal and Foreign Affairs under whom Iransovtrans functioned. This official was initially Engineer Colonel Zorin, whose deputy for the south of Iran was Lt. Col. Michail F. Lengnik. These officers were the supreme authorities on the Soviet side for the transportation of goods to the USSR. Ltr, Zorin to Hq, PGSC, 31 Oct 42. AG 400, Hq PGC.
10 Memo, Booth for all Stf Divs and Dirs of Servs, 12 Dee 44, sub: Reorganization of the PGC. PGF 240. Another copy 323.361 Powers and Duties, SL 9008.
11 Memo, Capt Robert M. Wilbur, Chief, Plans Sec, Plans and Training Br, for Col Osborne, ACofS, Opns, 20 May 43, sub: Troop Disposition in PGSC. PGF 240.
12 By GO's 11 and 13, Hq, PGSC, 17 and 21 Dec 42.
13 Statement by General Booth cited by Victor Pentlarge in Annex cited note 1(7a).
14 (1) GO 30, Hq, PGSC, 15 May 43. Subsequent changes in the powers and duties of the districts may be traced in: GO's, Hq, PGSC, 31, 16 May 43, 37, 18 Jun 43, 42, 8 Jul 43, and 51, 25 Aug 43; also GO's, Hq, PGC, 1, 5 Jan 44, and 51, and Memo, Col Graham, Actg CofS, for CO's of Gulf, Desert, and Mountain Dists, 6 Jan 44, sub: Reorganization of Districts, Posts, Camps, and Stations. PGF 240. See also the Pentlarge Annex, cited note 1(7a), which incorporates interviews with Colonel Martin, 11 April 1946, and Generals Shingler, 22 April 1946, Booth, 11 April 1946, and Scott, 22 March 1946. (2) The evolution of administration of construction is treated in Chapter XII below.
15 Pentlarge, after interview with Colonel Martin, formerly executive officer to the chief of staff, cited note 14 (1)
17 Ltr of Instructions, Marshall to Andrews, 24 Oct 42. OPD 384 ME (10-24--42).
18 Ltr, Connolly to Somervell, 20 Dec 42. Abstract PGF 262.
19 Interv with Lt Col Philip C. Kidd, G-5 AMET, at Cairo, 6 Jul 45, citing Shingler's authority for the statement.
20 Ltr, Maxwell to Connolly, 14 Nov 42. PGF 259.
21 General Maxwell had passed through in August 1942 with Averell Harriman en route to Moscow.
22 (1) Ltr, Connolly to Andrews, 20 Dec 42. Abstract PGF 262. (2) Ltr cited n. 18.
23 (1) Directive, CG, USAFIME, to Connolly, 20 Jan 43, sub: Operation of PGSC. PGF 240. (2) GO 6, Hq, USAFIME, 20 Jan 42. (3) These orders were issued in the name of General Brereton who was Commanding General, USAFIME, from 31 January to 5 September 1943. GO 8, Hq, USAFIME, 31 Jan 43; WD GO 59, 5 Sep 43. General Andrews left Cairo on 30 January to go to England to take over from General Eisenhower command of U.S. forces in the European Theater of Operations. Andrews was killed in an air crash in Iceland 3 May 1943. (4) General Maxwell was relieved by General Crawford on 18 March 1943. 1 st Ind, Ltr G-2, 18 Mar 43. AG 350.05 (3-14-43 ) Hq AMET.
24 Memo, Col Elliott for Somervell, 4 Sep 42. SOS Plan, Copy Contl Div, ASF, Sp Coll, HRS DRB AGO.
25 Strong to Connolly, Supplement to Ltr of Instructions: Mil Intelligence Instructions, 21 Oct 42. MID 904 (10-21-42), OPD Registered Documents Room.
27 Rad AGWAR 689 TN-2640, Connolly to Marshall, 26 Mar 43. 384 Conduct of War, SL 9016. Another copy AG 371.2 (2 Apr 42-1 Nov 44) Hq AMET.
28 (1) Rad, Gen Handy to Gen Connolly, 3 Apr 43. OPD 617 Persia ( 3-263 ). ( 2 ) GO 26, Hq, PGSC, 30 Apr 43. ( 3 ) General Wedemeyer, reporting to General Marshall on a visit to the PGSC very early in 1943, said: "Connolly is accomplishing difficult objectives without fanfare. Good judgment, hard work, and tact all mark his approach to solution of problems involving other nationals. He definitely has their respect and may be expected to gain increasingly their co-operation." Rad, Wedemeyer to Marshall, signed Brig. Gen. Cla~rton L. Bissell, from New Delhi to AGWAR, 2 Feb 43. CM-IN 1102 (3 Feb 43)
29 (1) Rad AMPSC 989, Marshall to Connolly, 28 Jun 43. 384 Conduct of War, SL 9016. (2) Rad, Connolly to Brereton, 1 Jul 43 Same file (3) Rad AMSME 748-P, Brereton to Connolly, 18 Jul 43. Same file. (4) Rad AMSME 649-P, Brereton to Connolly, 29 Jun 43. PGF 248. (5) Rad AMPSC 1175, Marshall to Brereton, 28 Jul 43. 323.361 Powers and Duties (General), SL 9008.
30 Ltr, Brig Gen Gilbert X. Cheves (who relieved Crawford as CG, SOS, USAFIME, on 25 Jun) to Gen Styer, 21 Aug 43. SP 323.31 ( 7-26-43 ) (1) Opns Br, AGO.
31 Rad AMPSC 1379, Marshall to Brereton and Connolly, 1 Sep 43. PGF 248.
32 (1) Ltr of Instructions, Marshall to Connolly, 10 Dee 43. PGF 248. Other copies 323.361 General Connolly's Letter of Instructions with Amendments, SL 9008, and SP 323.31 ('7-26-43) (1) Opns Br, AGO. (2) Memo, Marshall, 10 Dec 43, sub: Establishment of PGC. 323.361 Powers and Duties (General), SL 9008. This file also contains radios, memoranda, and drafts of proposed instructions drawn up by Connolly and Royce for forwarding to the Chief of Staff, Washington.
33 Both were delegated by letter, Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Giles (who relieved Royce at Cairo on 10 March 1944) to Connolly, 13 June 1944. Abstract PGF 262.
34 Booth relieved Scott as chief of staff on 29 February 1944. Abstract PGF 262.
35 (1) Connolly served briefly as Commanding General, USAFIME, from 5 September 1943 to 10 September 1943, when Royce relieved him. WD GO 59, 5 Sep 43, and GO 23, Hq, USAFIME, 10 Sep 43. ( 2 ) GO 89, Hq, PGC, 24 Dec 44. ( 3 ) Key Personnel. PGF 246. (4) GO 78, Hq, PGC, 15 Jul 45. (5) Rad, CO, PGC, to CC's, USFET [and] AMET, 15 Aug 45, abstract PGF 262, and GO 93, Hq, PGC, 15 Aug 45. The wind-up of the command is told in Ch. XIX below.
36 (1) Joint Agreement between Persia and Iraq Forces and the Persian Gulf Service Command for the Control of Movements in Persia, 7 Apr 43. 323.361 General Connolly's Letter of Instructions with Amendments, SL 9008. Another copy 092.2 Treaties and Agreements, SL 8978. Appendixes A and B cover the constitution and functions of the monthly capacity and target meetings; Appendix C deals with priorities; and Appendix D covers the respective responsibilities of the PAI Force and PGSC Movements staffs. (2) Hist Rpt, Movements Br, Opns Div, Hq, PGSC, 16 May 43, p. 4. PGF 126-D. (3) Rad AGWAR 2894, Connolly to Marshall for Spalding info Harriman, 1 Nov 43 (summarizing AngloAmerican responsibilities). 384 Conduct of War, SL 9016.
37 Report of Military Police Activities, PGC, United States Army, p. 11. PGF 130. This document of 132 pages and Appendix of 39 Items furnishes a thorough study of the American security problem.
38 Memo, Lt Col George P. Hill, Jr., for Provost Marshal General, Washington, 30 Apr 44, sub: Provost Marshal Activities, PGC. Item 1, App., Rpt cited n. 37.
39 Page 12 of Rpt cited n. 37.
40 Rad 349, Shingler to AMSIR Wash, 15 Jun 42. PGF 236.
41 Memo, Strong for Somervell, 24 Aug 42, citing cables of 17 and 18 Jul 43. SOS Plan Copy Contl Div, ASF, Sp Coll, HRS DRB AGO.
42 Rad, Connolly to Scott, 7 Nov 2. PGF 259.
43 Rpt cited n. 37 and Memo cited n. 38. The provost marshal states in these documents that the 727th MP Battalion contained "castoffs of infantry and other arms and services ..." and 15 percent limited service men; and that although the quality sent him in the 788th MP Battalion was better, 50 percent of the officers of both battalions "were not qualified to perform the duties of their grades."
44 As a matter of fact the question was raised anyhow by the Russians and Iranians. See Ch. XX below.
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