Department of the Army, Historical Summary, Fiscal Year 1969

Cover, Department of the Army Historical Summary, Fiscal Year 1969

Department of the Army
Historical Summary

Fiscal Year 1969

Compiled and Edited

William Gardner Bell

CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY
UNITED STATES ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1973

Foreword

Annual accounts of Army expenditures, work, and accomplishments have been published since 1822. Those prepared prior to that date, starting with Secretary of War Henry Knox's report of 1792, were published in 1832 in the military affairs volumes of American State Papers. In the World War II period, under the pressures of wartime conditions, the traditional report was suspended after publication of the fiscal year 1941 edition, and was resumed with a 17-month edition spanning the period July 1947-November 1948, nominally the fiscal year 1948 report. (The six-year gap between July 1941 and June 1947 was bridged in part by biennial reports of the Under Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Staff.) At that juncture, following creation in 1947 of the National Military Establishment, the Army Secretary's report became a part of the Semi-Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense, beginning with the July-December 1949 edition. The annual frequency was then resumed, and the reports of the Secretary of Defense and the three service secretaries appeared in a consolidated document for two decades.

In May 1972 the Annual Report of the Department of Defense was canceled. The last consolidated report to be published was that of fiscal year 1968. Because of the unique nature and long standing of the Army report, and especially because of its demonstrated value as a reference document—in effect, the Army's memory—the Army decided to continue publication separately under a title of departmental complexion. Publication is resumed with this, the fiscal year 1969 edition.

Washington, D.C.

JAMES L. COLLINS, JR.
Brigadier General, USA
Chief of Military History

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Contents

Chapter		Page
I.	INTRODUCTION	3
II.	OPERATIONAL READINESS	8
	The Pacific and the Far East	8
	Europe, the Middle East, and Africa	11
	Alaska and Latin America	12
	Continental United States	13
	Army Readiness	13
	Civil Disturbances	15
	Civil Affairs, Civic Action, Psychological Operations, and Special Forces	15
	Strategic Mobility	18
	Communications-Electronics	19
	Civil Defense	20
III.	FORCE DEVELOPMENT	24
	Plans and Programs	24
	Training and Schooling	25
	Doctrine and Systems	28
	Sentinel-Safeguard	31
IV.	PERSONNEL	34
	Military Personnel	34
	Military Justice, Discipline, and Legal Services	43
	Dissent	44
	Health and Medical Care	45
	Housing, Safety, and Awards	47
	Civilian Personnel	47
V.	RESERVE FORCES	51
	Partial Mobilization of the Reserve Components	51
	Training and Readiness	52
	Materiel and Supply	54
	Facilities	55
	Air Defense	56
	Management	56
	Support to Civil Authorities	57
	Technicians	57
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Chapter		Page
VI.	MANAGEMENT, BUDGET, AND FUNDS	59
	Organizational Developments	59
	Management Programs, Systems, and Techniques	60
	Budget and Funds	65
	Cost Reduction	67
	Military Pay System	68
VII.	LOGISTICS	70
	Procurement	70
	Support of Operations in Southeast Asia	71
	Support of Operations in Europe	74
	Materiel Maintenance	75
	Army Aircraft	75
	Logistics Systems	76
	Supply and Depot Management	78
	Installations	79
	Transportation	83
	Support Services	84
VIII.	RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT	86
	Funding	86
	Mobility	86
	Firepower	87
	Advanced Ballistic Missile Defense Program	89
	Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Night Observation	90
	Communications	91
	Antimine Warfare	92
	Space Activities	92
	Medical Research and Development	94
	Other Significant Research Activities	97
IX.	CIVIL WORKS AND MILITARY ENGINEERING	100
	Civil Works	100
	Planning	102
	Legislation	104
	Construction and Operations	105
	Research and Development	107
	Conservation	107
	Pollution Abatement	109
	Nuclear Energy Applications	109
	Engineer Operations in Southeast Asia	111
	Mapping and Geodesy	114
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Chapter		Page
X.	SPECIAL FUNCTIONS	116
	Administration of the Ryukyu Islands	116
	Administration of the Panama Canal	119
	Interoceanic Canal Studies	119
	Promotion of Rifle Practice	120
XI.	MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND FOREIGN LIAISON	121
	Military Assistance	121
	Foreign Military Training	121
	International Logistics	122
	Foreign Liaison	125
XII.	SUMMARY	126
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